Modern Power System Analysis, Second Edition

Annotation Most textbooks that deal with the power analysis of electrical engineering power systems focus on generation or distribution systems. Filling a gap in the literature, Modern Power System Analysis, Second Edition introduces readers to electric power systems, with an emphasis on key topics in modern power transmission engineering. Throughout, the book familiarizes readers with concepts and issues relevant to the power utility industry. A Classroom-Tested Power Engineering Text That Focuses on Power TransmissionDrawing on the author's industry experience and more than 42 years teaching courses in electrical machines and electric power engineering, this book explains the material clearly and in sufficient detail, supported by extensive numerical examples and illustrations. New terms are defined when they are first introduced, and a wealth of end-of-chapter problems reinforce the information presented in each chapter. Topics covered include:Power system planningTransmission line parameters and the steady-state performance of transmission linesDisturbance of system componentsSymmetrical components and sequence impedancesAnalysis of balanced and unbalanced faults--including shunt, series, and simultaneous faultsTransmission line protectionLoad-flow analysisDesigned for senior undergraduate and graduate students as a two-semester or condensed one-semester text, this classroom-tested book can also be used for self-study. In addition, the detailed explanations and useful appendices make this updated second edition a handy reference for practicing power engineers in the electrical power utility industry. What's New in This Edition35 percent new materialUpdated and expanded material throughoutTopics on transmission line structure and equipmentCoverage of overhead and underground power transmissionExpanded discussion and examples on power flow and substation designExtended impedance tables and expanded coverage of per unit systems in the appendicesNew appendix containing additional solved problems using MATLAB®New glossary of modern power system analysis terminology Content: General Considerations Introduction Power System Planning Basic Concepts Introduction Complex Power in Balanced Transmission Lines The One-Line Diagram The Per-Unit System Constant-Impedance Representation of the Loads Three-Winding Transformers Autotransformers The Delta-Wye and Wye-Delta Transformations Short-Circuit MVA and Equivalent Impedance Problems Steady-State Performance of Transmission Lines Introduction Conductor Size Transmission Line Constants Resistance Inductance and Inductive Reactance Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance Tables of Line Constants Equivalent Circuits for Transmission Lines Short Transmission Lines Medium-Length Transmission Lines Long Transmission Lines General Circuit Constants Underground Cable Transmission Bundled Conductors Effect of Ground on Capacitance of Three-Phase Lines Problems Disturbance of the Normal Operating Conditions and Other Problems Introduction Fault Analysis and Fault Types Balanced Three-Phase Faults at No Load Fault Interruption Balanced Three-Phase Faults at Full Load Application of Current-Limiting Reactors Insulators Grounding Substation Grounding Ground Conductor Sizing Factors Mesh Voltage Design Calculations Step Voltage Design Calculations Types of Ground Faults Ground Potential Rise Transmission Line Grounds Types of Grounding Problems Symmetrical Components and Sequence Impedances Introduction Symmetrical Components The Operator a Resolution of a Three-Phase Unbalanced System of Phasors into Its Symmetrical Components Power in Symmetrical Components Sequence Impedances of Transmission Lines Sequence Capacitances of Transmission Lines Sequence Impedances of Synchronous Machines Zero-Sequence Networks Sequence Impedances of Transformers Problems Analysis of Unbalanced Faults Introduction Shunt Faults Generalized Fault Diagram for Shunt Faults Series Faults Determination of Sequence Network Equivalents for Series Faults Generalized Fault Diagram for Series Faults System Grounding Elimination of SLG Fault Current by using Petersen Coils Problems System Protection Introduction Basic Definitions and Standard Device Numbers Factors Affecting Protective System Design Design Criteria for Protective Systems Primary and Back-Up Protection Relays Sequence Filters Instrument Transformers The R -X Diagram Relays as Comparators Duality between Phase and Amplitude Comparators Complex Planes General Equation of Comparators Amplitude Comparator Phase Comparator General Equation of Relays Distance Relays Overcurrent Relays Differential Protection Pilot Relaying Computer Applications in Protective Relaying Problems Power-Flow Analysis Introduction Power-Flow Problem The Sign of Real and Reactive Powers Gauss Iterative Method Gauss-Seidel Iterative Method Application of Gauss-Seidel Method: Ybus Application of Acceleration Factors Special Features Application of Gauss-Seidel Method: Zbus Newton-Raphson Method Application of Newton-Raphson Method Decoupled Power-Flow Method Fast Decoupled Power-Flow Method The DC Power-Flow Method Problems Appendices Impedance Tables for Overhead Lines, Transformers, and Underground Cables Standard Device Numbers Used in Protection Systems Unit Conversion from the English System to SI System Unit Conversion from the SI System to English System Prefixes The Greek Alphabet Used for Symbols Additional Solved Examples of Shunt Faults Additional Solved Examples of Shunt Faults Using MATLAB(R) Glossary for Modern Power System Analysis Terminology Index Chapters include references. "This book offers a comprehensive coverage of all classical topics in power system analysis such as basic concepts of three AC circuits and per unit calculation, transmission line, power flow analysis, fault analysis and protection system etc. This second edition is a modern update of the book, which features clear and easy-to-understand text ideally suited for power system analysis courses at senior undergraduate level and graduate level."--Dr. Zhao Xu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon" ... the book provides a fresh perspective."-Walid Hubbi, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), USA"This book is written specifically for the study of modern power systems with emphasis on power-transmission engineering. It introduces the reader to concepts and issues relevant to the power utility industry. ... In using this book, the reader will gain a very good understanding of power engineering fundamentals, from understanding and being able to use symmetrical component theory to writing MATLAB code for power-ftow analysis. This book is well written and has numerous illustrations and worked out examples to reinforce learning. The book could be used in a senior-level undergraduate class or graduate-level class in power engineering as well as by practicing engineers in a power utility or others who may want to teach themselves."--John J. Shea, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine Front Cover 1 Contents 9 Preface 15 Acknowledgments 17 Author 19 Chapter 1 - General Considerations 21 Chapter 2 - Basic Concepts 33 Chapter 3 - Steady-State Performance of Transmission Lines 71 Chapter 4 - Disturbance of Normal Operating Conditions and Other Problems 179 Chapter 5 - Symmetrical Components and Sequence Impedances 265 Chapter 6 - Analysis of Unbalanced Faults 313 Chapter 7 - System Protection 393 Chapter 8 - Power Flow Analysis 491 Appendix A: Impedance Tables for Overhead Lines, Transformers, and Underground Cables 553 Appendix B: Standard Device Numbers Used in Protection Systems 641 Appendix C: Unit Conversions from English System to SI System 643 Appendix D: Unit Conversions from SI System to English System 645 Appendix E: Prefixes 647 Appendix F: Greek Alphabet Used for Symbols 649 Appendix G: Additional Solved Examples of Shunt Faults 651 Appendix H: Additional Solved Examples of Shunt Faults Using MATLAB 675 Appendix I: Glossary for Modern Power System Analysis Terminology 703 Back Cover 725 This title fills the vacuum that has existed in the power system literature. It evolved from the content of courses given by the author and is written for senior-level undergraduate and beginning-level graduate students, as well as practicing engineers in the electric power utility industry. It can serve as a textbook for a two semester course, or by a judicious selection the material in the text can also be condensed to suit a single-semester course