SQL Server Query Tuning and Optimization : Optimize Microsoft SQL Server 2022 Queries and Applications

"This book covers a rich set of topics, including most things you need to know when performing query optimizations for SQL Server. It provides a detailed background to each area, and then recommendations on how to proceed. I was really pleased to see this focus, as far too much attention gets paid to hardware and operating system configuration when users are trying to improve the performance of SQL Server applications. The real gold is to be found in improving applications, and in particular, the performance of queries.It was so pleasing to read a technical book that was well written, used English well, and wasn’t full of technical errors."SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications.This book starts by describing the inner workings of the query optimizer, and will enable you to use this knowledge to write better queries and provide the query engine with all the information it needs to produce efficient execution plans. As you progress, you’ll get practical query optimization tips for troubleshooting underperforming queries. The book will also guide you through intelligent query processing and what is new in SQL Server 2022. Query performance topics such as the Query Store, In-Memory OLTP and columnstore indexes are covered as well.By the end of this book, you’ll be able to get the best possible performance for your queries and applications. Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Contributors Table of Contents Preface Chapter 1: An Introduction to Query Tuning and Optimization Query Processor Architecture Parsing and binding Query optimization Generating candidate execution plans Plan cost evaluation Query execution and plan caching Analyzing execution plans Graphical plans XML plans Text plans Plan properties Warnings on execution plans Getting plans from a trace or the plan cache sys.dm_exec_query_plan DMF SQL Trace/Profiler Extended events Removing plans from the plan cache SET STATISTICS TIME and IO statements Summary Chapter 2: Troubleshooting Queries DMVs and DMFs sys.dm_exec_requests and sys.dm_exec_sessions Sys.dm_exec_query_stats Understanding statement_start_offset and statement_end_offset sql_handle and plan_handle query_hash and plan_hash Finding expensive queries Blocking and waits SQL Trace Extended events Mapping SQL Trace events to extended events Working with extended events The Data Collector Configuration Using the Data Collector Querying the Data Collector tables Summary Chapter 3: The Query Optimizer Query optimization research Introduction to query processing The sys.dm_exec_query_optimizer_info DMV Parsing and binding Simplification Contradiction detection Foreign Key Join elimination Trivial plan optimization Joins Transformation rules The Memo Statistics Full optimization Search 0 Search 1 Search 2 Summary Chapter 4: The Execution Engine Data access operators Scans Seeks Bookmark lookup Aggregations Sorting and hashing Stream Aggregate Hash Aggregate Distinct Sort Joins Nested Loops Join Merge Join Hash Join Parallelism The exchange operator Limitations Updates Per-row and per-index plans Halloween protection Summary Chapter 5: Working with Indexes Introduction to indexes Creating indexes Clustered indexes versus heaps Clustered index key Covering indexes Filtered indexes Understanding index operations The Database Engine Tuning Advisor Tuning a workload using the plan cache Offload of tuning overhead to test server Missing indexes Index fragmentation Unused indexes Summary Chapter 6: Understanding Statistics Exploring statistics Creating and updating statistics Inspecting statistics objects The density vector Histograms A new cardinality estimator Trace flag 4137 Cardinality estimation errors Incremental statistics Statistics on computed columns Filtered statistics Statistics on ascending keys Trace flag 2389 UPDATE STATISTICS with ROWCOUNT and PAGECOUNT Statistics maintenance Cost estimation Summary Chapter 7: In-Memory OLTP In-memory OLTP architecture Tables and indexes Creating in-memory OLTP tables Hash indexes Nonclustered or range indexes Natively compiled stored procedures Creating natively compiled stored procedures Inspecting DLLs Limitations and later enhancements Summary Chapter 8: Understanding Plan Caching Batch compilation and recompilation Exploring the plan cache How to remove plans from memory Understanding parameterization Autoparameterization The Optimize for Ad Hoc Workloads option Forced parameterization Stored procedures Parameter sniffing Optimizing for a typical parameter Optimizing on every execution Local variables and the OPTIMIZE FOR UNKNOWN hint Disabling parameter sniffing Parameter sniffing and SET options affecting plan reuse Parameter-sensitive plan optimization Summary Chapter 9: The Query Store Using the Query Store Querying the Query Store Summary Chapter 10: Intelligent Query Processing Overview of intelligent query processing Parameter-sensitive plan optimization Memory grant feedback Persistence and percentile Cardinality estimation feedback Degree of parallelism feedback Interleaved execution Table variable deferred compilation Adaptive joins Summary Chapter 11: An Introduction to Data Warehouses Data warehouses Star join query optimization Columnstore indexes Performance benefits Batch mode processing Creating columnstore indexes Hints Summary Chapter 12: Understanding Query Hints Breaking down complex queries OR logic in the WHERE clause Joins on aggregated datasets Hints When to use hints Types of hints Joins Aggregations FORCE ORDER The INDEX, FORCESCAN, and FORCESEEK hints FAST N The NOEXPAND and EXPAND VIEWS hints Plan guides USE PLAN Summary Index About Packt Other Books You May Enjoy Get well-versed with ready-to-use techniques for creating high-performance queries and applications Key Features Speed up queries and dramatically improve application performance by both understanding query engine internals and practical query optimization Understand how the query optimizer works Learn about intelligent query processing and what is new in SQL Server 2022 Book Description SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications. This book starts by describing the inner workings of the query optimizer, and will enable you to use this knowledge to write better queries and provide the query engine with all the information it needs to produce efficient execution plans. As you progress, you'll get practical query optimization tips for troubleshooting underperforming queries. The book will also guide you through intelligent query processing and what is new in SQL Server 2022. Query performance topics such as the Query Store, In-Memory OLTP and columnstore indexes are covered as well. By the end of this book, you'll be able to get the best possible performance for your queries and applications. What you will learn Troubleshoot queries using methods including extended events, SQL Trace, and dynamic management views Understand how the execution engine and query operators work Speed up queries and improve app performance by creating the right indexes Detect and fix cardinality estimation errors by examining query optimizer statistics Monitor and promote both plan caching and plan reuse to improve app performance Troubleshoot and improve query performance by using the Query Store Improve the performance of data warehouse queries by using columnstore indexes Handle query processor limitations with hints and other methods Who this book is for This book is for SQL Server developers who are struggling with slow query execution, database administrators who are tasked with troubleshooting slow application performance, and database architects who design SQL Server databases in support of line-of-business and data warehousing applications. Table of Contents An Introduction to Query Tuning and Optimization Troubleshooting Queries The Query Optimizer The Execution Engine Working with Indexes Understanding Statistics In-Memory OLTP Understanding Plan Caching The Query Store Intelligent Query Processing An Introduction to Data Warehouses Understanding Query Hints Get well-versed with ready-to-use techniques for creating high-performance queries and applications * Speed up queries and dramatically improve application performance by both understanding query engine internals and practical query optimization * Understand how the query optimizer works * Learn about intelligent query processing and what is new in SQL Server 2022 SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft. As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications. By the end of this book, you'll be able to get the best possible performance for your queries and applications. * Troubleshoot queries using methods including extended events, SQL Trace, and dynamic management views * Understand how the execution engine and query operators work * Speed up queries and improve app performance by creating the right indexes * Detect and fix cardinality estimation errors by examining query optimizer statistics * Monitor and promote both plan caching and plan reuse to improve app performance * Troubleshoot and improve query performance by using the Query Store * Improve the performance of data warehouse queries by using columnstore indexes * Handle query processor limitations with hints and other methods This book is for SQL Server developers who are struggling with slow query execution, database administrators who are tasked with troubleshooting slow application performance, and database architects who design SQL Server databases in support of line-of-business and data warehousing applications. 1. An Introduction to Query Tuning and Optimization 2. Troubleshooting Queries 3. The Query Optimizer 4. The Execution Engine 5. Working with Indexes 6. Understanding Statistics 7. In-Memory OLTP 8. Understanding Plan Caching 9. The Query Store 10. Intelligent Query Processing 11. An Introduction to Data Warehouses 12. Understanding Query Hints This book helps you get up to speed with both query engine internals and practical query optimization. As you progress, you'll explore ready-to-use techniques for creating high-performance queries and applications.