Spine Secrets Secrets

i - 0......Page 1 Front Matter......Page 2 Spine Secrets......Page 4 Inside back cover......Page 5 Inside front cover......Page 6 Copyright......Page 7 Dedication......Page 8 Contributors......Page 10 Preface......Page 13 Contents......Page 14 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U0cIIl_eSzKQ......Page 20 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2q80RPd0Nle......Page 21 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3JFRaf_djQT......Page 22 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U27PafgDtYbl......Page 23 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3OjRZ968bzu......Page 24 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3DTKxEy8-Vl......Page 25 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U1GF7fNSOjn8......Page 26 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA8&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3RZ5cnTA3mm......Page 27 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2oK_beFwlHN......Page 28 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U1Vp8OUNa_K......Page 29 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U0CWfci8nPR......Page 30 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA12&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2kOGfw6Kfw......Page 31 Keywords:......Page 32 Osteology......Page 33 Articulations, ligaments, and discs......Page 35 Neural anatomy......Page 37 Vascular structures......Page 41 Fascia and musculature of the cervical spine......Page 43 Bibliography......Page 44 Osteology......Page 46 Articulations, ligaments, and discs......Page 47 Neural anatomy......Page 48 Fascia, musculature, and related structures......Page 50 Bibliography......Page 51 Osteology......Page 56 Articulations, ligaments, and discs......Page 59 Neural anatomy......Page 61 Fascia, musculature, and related structures......Page 63 Bibliography......Page 64 4 Evaluation of cervical spine disorders......Page 66 Bibliography......Page 72 Thoracic spine examination......Page 73 Lumbar spine examination......Page 74 Bibliography......Page 79 Keywords:......Page 80 Evaluation of patients with coronal plane spinal deformities......Page 81 Evaluation of patients with sagittal plane spinal deformities......Page 84 Bibliography......Page 88 References......Page 90 Bibliography......Page 95 Keywords:......Page 102 Bibliography......Page 108 Cervical spine......Page 110 Thoracic spine......Page 112 Lumbar spine......Page 113 Spinal deformity assessment......Page 117 Bibliography......Page 123 Keywords:......Page 125 Bibliography......Page 138 Keywords:......Page 140 Bibliography......Page 146 Keywords:......Page 148 Bibliography......Page 153 Keywords:......Page 155 Bibliography......Page 165 Thoracic spine......Page 167 Lumbar spine......Page 168 References......Page 175 Bibliography......Page 176 Keywords:......Page 178 Bibliography......Page 187 Epidural injections......Page 190 Medial branch nerve blocks and facet joint injections......Page 193 Injections targeting the intervertebral disc......Page 195 Sacroiliac injections......Page 197 Injections to assess conditions which mimic spinal pathology......Page 198 Bibliography......Page 199 Keywords:......Page 201 Bibliography......Page 208 Keywords:......Page 210 Bibliography......Page 221 Keywords:......Page 225 Bibliography......Page 232 Keywords:......Page 234 Bibliography......Page 240 Keywords:......Page 242 Bibliography......Page 250 Keywords:......Page 253 Neurophysiologic monitoring modalities......Page 254 Clinical applications of neurophysiologic monitoring......Page 257 Bibliography......Page 258 Surgical adverse events......Page 260 Medical adverse events......Page 264 Bibliography......Page 269 Keywords:......Page 272 General principles......Page 273 Cervical spinal region......Page 275 Thoracic and lumbar spinal regions......Page 278 Bibliography......Page 280 Keywords:......Page 282 References......Page 283 Bibliography......Page 291 Posterior surgical approaches......Page 294 Bibliography......Page 296 Keywords:......Page 302 Bibliography......Page 313 Keywords:......Page 318 Bibliography......Page 329 Posterior spinal instrumentation......Page 331 Anterior spinal instrumentation......Page 337 Bibliography......Page 341 Reference......Page 343 Bibliography......Page 350 Minimally invasive cervical spine surgery......Page 352 Minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery......Page 353 Bibliography......Page 359 Lumbar total disc arthroplasty......Page 361 Cervical disc arthroplasty......Page 365 Bibliography......Page 369 General considerations......Page 371 Revision surgery after prior spinal decompression procedures......Page 374 Revision surgery after prior spinal fusion......Page 376 Revision surgery for spinal deformity......Page 378 Bibliography......Page 380 Keywords:......Page 382 Bibliography......Page 387 Keywords:......Page 391 Evaluation......Page 392 Common conditions associated with pediatric back pain......Page 394 Bibliography......Page 397 Specific conditions affecting the pediatric occipitocervical junction and cervical region......Page 400 Bibliography......Page 408 Nonoperative treatment......Page 410 Surgical treatment......Page 414 Bibliography......Page 416 Early-onset idiopathic scoliosis......Page 422 Late-onset or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis......Page 424 Bibliography......Page 434 Keywords:......Page 436 Bibliography......Page 443 General concepts......Page 445 Cerebral palsy......Page 447 Duchenne muscular dystrophy......Page 448 Spinal muscular atrophy......Page 449 Myelodysplasia......Page 450 Miscellaneous neuromuscular disorders......Page 452 Bibliography......Page 453 Background......Page 455 Scheuermann kyphosis......Page 456 Congenital kyphosis......Page 459 Miscellaneous pediatric sagittal plane deformities......Page 460 Bibliography......Page 462 Spondylolisthesis......Page 465 Bibliogrpahy......Page 474 General considerations......Page 476 Cervical spine......Page 478 Thoracic and lumbar spine......Page 482 Bibliography......Page 484 Bibliography......Page 488 Axial neck pain......Page 496 Cervical radiculopathy......Page 497 References......Page 500 Bibliography......Page 505 Keywords:......Page 507 Bibliography......Page 511 Keywords:......Page 513 Bibliography......Page 519 Keywords:......Page 521 Bibliography......Page 528 Keywords:......Page 530 Bibliography......Page 534 Anatomy......Page 537 Diagnosis......Page 538 Nonsurgical treatments......Page 543 Surgical treatment......Page 544 Bibliography......Page 546 Keywords:......Page 549 Bibliography......Page 550 General principles......Page 562 Surgical treatment......Page 567 Bibliography......Page 571 Keywords:......Page 573 Isthmic spondylolisthesis......Page 574 Degenerative spondylolisthesis......Page 576 References......Page 578 Bibliography......Page 581 Keywords:......Page 584 Bibliography......Page 591 Bibliography......Page 593 Keywords:......Page 603 Occipital condyle and craniocervical junction......Page 605 Atlas fractures and c1–c2 joint injuries......Page 608 Axis fractures and c2–c3 joint injuries......Page 610 Bibliography......Page 615 Injury classification......Page 617 Compression subaxial cervical spine injuries (ao type a)......Page 621 Tension band subaxial cervical spine injuries (ao type b)......Page 622 Translational subaxial cervical injuries (ao type c)......Page 623 Facet injuries involving the subaxial cervical spine (ao type f)......Page 624 Injuries in special circumstances......Page 626 Bibliography......Page 628 Injury classification......Page 630 Overview of treatment options......Page 634 Compression fractures......Page 637 Stable burst fractures......Page 638 Unstable burst fractures......Page 639 Chance fractures......Page 641 Flexion-distraction injuries......Page 642 Translational injuries (fracture-dislocations)......Page 643 Gunshot injuries to the spine......Page 644 Bibliography......Page 645 Keywords:......Page 647 Bibliography......Page 652 Cervical spine injuries......Page 656 Lumbar spine injuries......Page 661 Injuries involving the sacrum......Page 664 Bibliography......Page 666 Keywords:......Page 669 Spinal cord tumors......Page 670 Syringohydromyelia and chiari malformation......Page 675 Spinal dysraphism......Page 677 Miscellaneous disorders involving the spinal cord......Page 680 Bibliography......Page 682 Keywords:......Page 685 Bibliography......Page 699 Keywords:......Page 701 Bibliography......Page 710 Bone basics—structure, function, and homeostasis......Page 712 Definition, types, and risk factors......Page 714 Diagnosis, evaluation, and prevention......Page 717 Pharmacologic treatment......Page 723 Bone health optimization and secondary fracture prevention......Page 724 Paget disease......Page 725 Bibliography......Page 726 Keywords:......Page 728 Bibliography......Page 737 Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis......Page 741 Spinal epidural abscess......Page 744 Tuberculosis......Page 745 Nontuberculous granulomatous spinal infections......Page 747 Bibliography......Page 748 Keywords:......Page 750 Bibliography......Page 751 Bibliography......Page 762 Keywords:......Page 775 Spinal navigation......Page 776 Robot-assisted spine surgery......Page 779 3d-printing applications for spine surgery......Page 780 Bibliography......Page 782 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA699&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2i2JKA_DQ......Page 784 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA700&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3l6JBhR04......Page 785 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA701&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3vOtEfvr3......Page 786 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA702&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2wLTi1geM......Page 787 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA703&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U1aqJKyCe9......Page 788 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA704&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U34-PwJNgh......Page 789 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA705&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3QIuM8GY3......Page 790 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA706&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2ds-LN80k......Page 791 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA707&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2nj1cRDDq......Page 792 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA708&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2AiyllVOq......Page 793 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA709&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U19DuTS91i......Page 794 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA710&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2ixGqhS8D......Page 795 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3Sq7CMQOD......Page 796 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA712&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U26k4A03ao......Page 797 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA713&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U1YPzcLwmS......Page 798 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA714&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U31O2dJwXQ......Page 799 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA715&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U067vsQ9dG......Page 800 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA716&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U1NZWYEovi......Page 801 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA717&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3IgjRRQ7J......Page 802 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA718&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U3Vu1jGLag......Page 803 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA719&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U37hV5SaVV......Page 804 id=NXnnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA720&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U2aiBrX5_S......Page 805 For more than 30 years, the highly regarded Secrets Seriesa has provided students and practitioners in all areas of health care with concise, focused, and engaging resources for quick reference and exam review. Spine Secrets Plus, 3rd Edition, by Dr. Vincent J. Devlin, features the Secrets' popular question-and-answer format that also includes lists, tables, pearls, memory aids, and an easy-to-read style - making inquiry, reference, and review quick, easy, and enjoyable. The proven Secrets Seriesa format gives you the most return for your time - succinct, easy to read, engaging, and highly effective. Fully revised and updated throughout, including protocols and guidelines that are continuously evolving and that increasingly dictate best practices. Expanded PLUS format includes extended coverage, a larger format, colorful visual elements, and larger, detailed images and illustrations to provide an overall enhanced learning experience. Remain at the forefront of the nuances of spine surgery and related specialties with updates on new techniques and technologies, as well as changing treatment options and drug information. Top 100 Secrets and Key Points boxes provide a fast overview of the secrets you must know for success in practice and on exams. Zero in on key information with bulleted lists, mnemonics, and practical tips from prominent specialists - all providing a concise overview of important, board-relevant content. Portable size makes it easy to carry with you for quick reference or review anywhere, anytime. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices