Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications

__Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications__ contains 34 chapters, loosely grouped into six topical areas. The chapters in this volume reflect the progress and present the state of the art in low-bit-rate speech coding, primarily at bit rates from 2.4 kbit/s to 16 kbit/s. Together they represent important contributions from leading researchers in the speech coding community. __Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications__ contains contributions describing technologies that are under consideration as standards for such applications as digital cellular communications (the half-rate American and European coding standards). A brief Introduction is followed by a section dedicated to low-delay speech coding, a research direction which emerged as a result of the CCITT requirement for a universal low-delay 16 kbit/s speech coding technology and now continues with the objective of achieving toll quality with moderate delay at a rate of 8 kbit/s. A section on the important topic of speech quality evaluation is then presented. This is followed by a section on speech coding for wireless transmission, and a section on audio coding which covers not only 7 kHz bandwidth speech, but also wideband coding applicable to high fidelity music. The book concludes with a section on speech coding for noisy transmission channels, followed by a section addressing future research directions. __Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications__ presents a cross-section of the key contributions in speech and audio coding which have emerged recently. For this reason, the book is a valuable reference for all researchers and graduate students in the speech coding community. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Front Matter....Pages 1-2 Introduction....Pages 1-2 Front Matter....Pages 3-3 High Quality Low-Delay Speech Coding at 12 kb/s....Pages 5-9 Low Delay Speech Coder at 8 kbit/s with Conditional Pitch Prediction....Pages 11-18 Low Delay Coding of Speech and Audio Using Nonuniform Band Filter Banks....Pages 19-23 8 kb/s Low-Delay CELP Coding of Speech....Pages 25-31 Lattice Low Delay Vector Excitation for 8 kb/s Speech Coding....Pages 33-40 Front Matter....Pages 41-41 Subjective Assessment Methods for the Measurement of Digital Speech Coder Quality....Pages 43-53 Speech Quality Evaluation of the European, North-American and Japanese Speech Coding Standards for Digital Cellular Systems....Pages 55-58 A Comparison of Subjective Methods for Evaluating Speech Quality....Pages 59-65 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Delayed Decision Coding of Pitch and Innovation Signals in Code-Excited Linear Prediction Coding of Speech....Pages 69-76 Variable Rate Speech Coding for Cellular Networks....Pages 77-84 QCELP: A Variable Rate Speech Coder for CDMA Digital Cellular....Pages 85-92 Performance and Optimization of a GSM Half Rate Candidate....Pages 93-99 Joint Design of Multi-Stage VQ Codebooks for LSP Quantization with Applications to 4 kbit/s Speech Coding....Pages 101-109 Waveform Interpolation in Speech Coding....Pages 111-118 Front Matter....Pages 119-119 A Wideband CELP Coder at 16 kbit/s for Real Time Applications....Pages 121-125 Multirate STC and Its Application to Multi-Speaker Conferencing....Pages 127-131 Low Delay Coding of Wideband Speech at 32 Kbps Using Tree Structures....Pages 133-139 A Two-Band CELP Audio Coder at 16 kbit/s and Its Evaluation....Pages 141-145 9.6 kbit/s ACELP Coding of Wideband Speech....Pages 147-152 Front Matter....Pages 119-119 High Fidelity Audio Coding with Generalized Product Code VQ....Pages 153-159 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 On Noisy Channel Quantizer Design for Unequal Error Protection....Pages 163-170 Channel Coding Schemes for the GSM Half-Rate System....Pages 171-179 Combined Source-Channel Coding of LSP Parameters Using Multi-Stage Vector Quantization....Pages 181-190 Vector Quantization of LPC Parameters in the Presence of Channel Errors....Pages 191-201 Error Control and Index Assignment for Speech Codecs....Pages 203-207 Front Matter....Pages 209-209 Efficient Techniques for Determining and Encoding the Long Term Predictor Lags for Analysis-by-Synthesis Speech Coders....Pages 211-216 Structured Stochastic Codebook and Codebook Adaptation for CELP....Pages 217-224 Efficient Multi-Tap Pitch Prediction for Stochastic Coding....Pages 225-229 QR Factorization in the CELP Coder....Pages 231-237 Efficient Frequency-Domain Representation of LPC Excitation....Pages 239-249 Product Code Vector Quantization of LPC Parameters....Pages 251-258 A Mixed Excitation LPC Vocoder with Frequency-Dependent Voicing Strength....Pages 259-264 Adaptive Predictive Coding with Transform Domain Quantization....Pages 265-269 Finite-State VQ Excitations for CELP Coders....Pages 271-276 Back Matter....Pages 277-283