Sampling Procedures to Detect Mycotoxins in Agricultural Commodities

"Adherence to regulatory limits for mycotoxins in agricultural commodities is important to safeguard consumers and to permit trade in affected commodities across international borders. Reliable estimates of mycotoxin concentrations are required to implement regulatory decisions on the suitability of lots of produce for consumption or trade. Effective schemes to test for mycotoxins depend not only upon sound analytical methods, but also on well designed and implemented sampling plans. This manual provides information to food analysts and regulatory officials on effective sampling plans to detect mycotoxins in food. The concepts of uncertainty and variability in mycotoxin test procedures are discussed as well as the importance of ensuring that samples are representative of the lot being sampled, and the consequences of a poorly designed sampling plan on the reliability of the measured levels of mycotoxins, possibly resulting in legal disputes and barriers to trade"--Publisher description Cover - Sampling Proceduresto Detect Mycotoxinsin Agricultural Commodities 1 Preamble 5 Contents 7 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 1.1 Regulatory Limits 11 1.2 Mycotoxin Units 11 1.3 The Rationale of Accurate Sampling Procedures 12 Chapter 2: Definition of a Sampling Plan 15 Chapter 3: Uncertainty 19 3.1 Accuracy 19 3.2 Precision 20 Chapter 4: Sample Selection 23 4.1 Static Lots 25 4.2 Dynamic Lots 27 4.3 Aggregate Versus Laboratory Sample 30 Chapter 5: Sample Preparation 31 Chapter 6: Analytical Quantification 33 Chapter 7: Accept/Reject Limit 35 Chapter 8: Random Variation 37 8.1Sampling Variability 40 8.2 Sample Preparation Variability 41 8.3 Analytical Variability 42 8.4 Total Variability 43 Chapter 9: Reducing Variability of a MycotoxinTest Procedure 45 9.1 Laboratory Sample Size 46 9.2 Test Portion Size 46 9.3 Number of Aliquots Quantified 47 Chapter 10: Designing Mycotoxin Sampling Plans 49 10.1 Calculation of Acceptance Probability 50 10.2 Effect of Uncertainty (Sample Size) on Risks 53 10.3 Effect of Accept/Reject Limit on Risks 54 Chapter 11: Conclusions 57 Chapter 12:References 59 Chapter 13: Appendix A 63 Index 65 9048196337,9789048196333 Springer Front Matter....Pages i-viii Introduction....Pages 1-5 Definition of a Sampling Plan....Pages 7-9 Uncertainty....Pages 11-13 Sample Selection....Pages 15-22 Sample Preparation....Pages 23-24 Analytical Quantification....Pages 25-25 Accept/Reject Limit....Pages 27-27 Random Variation....Pages 29-36 Reducing Variability of a Mycotoxin Test Procedure....Pages 37-40 Designing Mycotoxin Sampling Plans....Pages 41-47 Conclusions....Pages 49-49 References....Pages 51-53 Appendix A....Pages 55-56 Back Matter....Pages 57-58