Programming Python : [powerful object-oriented programming

Already the industry standard for Python users, __ProgrammingPython__ fromO'Reilly just got even better. This third edition has been updated toreflect current best practices andthe abundance of changes introduced by the latest version of thelanguage, Python 2.5. Whether you're a novice or an advancedpractitioner, you'll find thisrefreshed book more than lives up to its reputation. __ProgrammingPython__, 3rd Edition, teaches you the rightway to code. It explains Python language syntax and programmingtechniques in a clear and concisemanner, with numerous examples that illustrate both correct usage andcommon idioms. By reading thiscomprehensive guide, you'll learn how to apply Python in real-worldproblem domains such as: * GUI programming * Internet scripting * Parallel processing * Database management * Networked applications __Programming Python__, Third Edition coverseach of thesetarget domainsgradually, beginning with in-depth discussions of core concepts andthen progressing toward completeprograms. Large examples do appear, but only after you've learnedenough to understand their techniques andcode. Along the way, you'll also learn how to use the Python language inrealistically scaled programs--concepts such as Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and code reuseare recurring side themes throughout thistext. If you're interested in Python programming, then this O'Reillyclassic needs to be within arm's reach. Thewealth of practical advice, snippets of code, and patterns of programdesign can all be put into use on adaily basis--making your life easier and more productive. Reviews of the second edition: __"...about as comprehensive as any book can be."__ --Dr. Dobb's Journal __"If the language had manuals, they would undoubtedlybe the texts from O'Reilly...'Learning Python' and 'Programming Python'are definitive treatments."__ --SD Times Programming Python, 3rd Edition 1 Table of Contents 3 Copyright 9 Foreword 11 Preface 17 Part I: The Beginning 38 Chapter 1. Introducing Python 39 Section 1.1. 40 Section 1.2. Python Philosophy 101 41 Section 1.3. The Life of Python 45 Section 1.4. Signs of the Python Times 47 Section 1.5. The Compulsory Features List 53 Section 1.6. What's Python Good For? 55 Section 1.7. What's Python Not Good For? 59 Section 1.8. Truth in Advertising 60 Chapter 2. A Sneak Preview 62 Section 2.1. 63 Section 2.2. The Task 64 Section 2.3. Step 1: Representing Records 65 Section 2.4. Step 2: Storing Records Persistently 77 Section 2.5. Step 3: Stepping Up to OOP 90 Section 2.6. Step 4: Adding Console Interaction 102 Section 2.7. Step 5: Adding a GUI 105 Section 2.8. Step 6: Adding a Web Interface 116 Section 2.9. The End of the Demo 133 Part II: System Programming 134 Chapter 3. System Tools 135 Section 3.1. 136 Section 3.2. System Scripting Overview 138 Section 3.3. Introducing the sys Module 148 Section 3.4. Introducing the os Module 153 Section 3.5. Script Execution Context 163 Section 3.6. Current Working Directory 164 Section 3.7. Command-Line Arguments 168 Section 3.8. Shell Environment Variables 172 Section 3.9. Standard Streams 176 Chapter 4. File and Directory Tools 195 Section 4.1. 196 Section 4.2. File Tools 197 Section 4.3. Directory Tools 215 Chapter 5. Parallel System Tools 231 Section 5.1. 232 Section 5.2. Forking Processes 234 Section 5.3. Threads 241 Section 5.4. Program Exits 259 Section 5.5. Interprocess Communication 267 Section 5.6. Pipes 268 Section 5.7. Signals 279 Section 5.8. Other Ways to Start Programs 282 Section 5.9. A Portable Program-Launch Framework 293 Section 5.10. Other System Tools 298 Chapter 6. System Examples: Utilities 299 Section 6.1. 300 Section 6.2. Splitting and Joining Files 301 Section 6.3. Generating Forward-Link Web Pages 312 Section 6.4. A Regression Test Script 317 Section 6.5. Packing and Unpacking Files 320 Section 6.6. Automated Program Launchers 331 Chapter 7. System Examples: Directories 358 Section 7.1. 359 Section 7.2. Fixing DOS Line Ends 360 Section 7.3. Fixing DOS Filenames 374 Section 7.4. Searching Directory Trees 378 Section 7.5. Visitor: Walking Trees Generically 385 Section 7.6. Copying Directory Trees 409 Section 7.7. Deleting Directory Trees 415 Section 7.8. Comparing Directory Trees 420 Part III: GUI Programming 432 Chapter 8. Graphical User Interfaces 433 Section 8.1. 434 Section 8.2. Python GUI Development Options 436 Section 8.3. Tkinter Overview 440 Section 8.4. Climbing the GUI Learning Curve 444 Section 8.5. Tkinter Coding Basics 446 Section 8.6. Tkinter Coding Alternatives 450 Section 8.7. Adding Buttons and Callbacks 457 Section 8.8. Adding User-Defined Callback Handlers 460 Section 8.9. Adding Multiple Widgets 473 Section 8.10. Customizing Widgets with Classes 479 Section 8.11. Reusable GUI Components with Classes 481 Section 8.12. The End of the Tutorial 489 Section 8.13. Python/Tkinter for Tcl/Tk Converts 491 Chapter 9. A Tkinter Tour, Part 1 493 Section 9.1. 494 Section 9.2. Configuring Widget Appearance 496 Section 9.3. Top-Level Windows 500 Section 9.4. Dialogs 506 Section 9.5. Binding Events 524 Section 9.6. Message and Entry 529 Section 9.7. Checkbutton, Radiobutton, and Scale 538 Section 9.8. Running GUI Code Three Ways 552 Section 9.9. Images 562 Section 9.10. Viewing and Processing Images with PIL 569 Chapter 10. A Tkinter Tour, Part 2 585 Section 10.1. 586 Section 10.2. Menus 587 Section 10.3. Listboxes and Scrollbars 600 Section 10.4. Text 606 Section 10.5. Canvas 619 Section 10.6. Grids 634 Section 10.7. Time Tools, Threads, and Animation 651 Section 10.8. The End of the Tour 662 Section 10.9. The PyDemos and PyGadgets Launchers 663 Chapter 11. GUI Coding Techniques 674 Section 11.1. 675 Section 11.2. GuiMixin: Common Tool Mixin Classes 676 Section 11.3. GuiMaker: Automating Menus and Toolbars 679 Section 11.4. ShellGui: GUIs for Command-Line Tools 690 Section 11.5. GuiStreams: Redirecting Streams to Widgets 698 Section 11.6. Reloading Callback Handlers Dynamically 703 Section 11.7. Wrapping Up Top-Level Window Interfaces 706 Section 11.8. GUIs, Threads, and Queues 711 Section 11.9. More Ways to Add GUIs to Non-GUI Code 719 Chapter 12. Complete GUI Programs 730 Section 12.1. 731 Section 12.2. PyEdit: A Text Editor Program/Object 735 Section 12.3. PyPhoto: An Image Viewer and Resizer 753 Section 12.4. PyView: An Image and Notes Slideshow 764 Section 12.5. PyDraw: Painting and Moving Graphics 774 Section 12.6. PyClock: An Analog/Digital Clock Widget 784 Section 12.7. PyToe: A Tic-Tac-Toe Game Widget 800 Section 12.8. Where to Go from Here 806 Part IV: Internet Programming 807 Chapter 13. Network Scripting 809 Section 13.1. 810 Section 13.2. Plumbing the Internet 815 Section 13.3. Socket Programming 821 Section 13.4. Handling Multiple Clients 834 Section 13.5. A Simple Python File Server 854 Chapter 14. Client-Side Scripting 868 Section 14.1. 869 Section 14.2. FTP: Transferring Files over the Net 870 Section 14.3. Processing Internet Email 909 Section 14.4. POP: Fetching Email 910 Section 14.5. SMTP: Sending Email 918 Section 14.6. email: Parsing and Composing Mails 928 Section 14.7. pymail: A Console-Based Email Client 934 Section 14.8. The mailtools Utility Package 942 Section 14.9. NNTP: Accessing Newsgroups 964 Section 14.10. HTTP: Accessing Web Sites 969 Section 14.11. Module urllib Revisited 972 Section 14.12. Other Client-Side Scripting Options 978 Chapter 15. The PyMailGUI Client 979 Section 15.1. 980 Section 15.2. A PyMailGUI Demo 987 Section 15.3. PyMailGUI Implementation 1017 Chapter 16. Server-Side Scripting 1064 Section 16.1. 1065 Section 16.2. What's a Server-Side CGI Script? 1066 Section 16.3. Running Server-Side Examples 1070 Section 16.4. Climbing the CGI Learning Curve 1076 Section 16.5. Saving State Information in CGI Scripts 1116 Section 16.6. The Hello World Selector 1125 Section 16.7. Refactoring Code for Maintainability 1135 Section 16.8. More on HTML and URL Escapes 1146 Section 16.9. Transferring Files to Clients and Servers 1154 Chapter 17. The PyMailCGI Server 1170 Section 17.1. 1171 Section 17.2. The PyMailCGI Web Site 1172 Section 17.3. The Root Page 1179 Section 17.4. Sending Mail by SMTP 1182 Section 17.5. Reading POP Email 1190 Section 17.6. Processing Fetched Mail 1206 Section 17.7. Utility Modules 1215 Section 17.8. CGI Script Trade-Offs 1230 Chapter 18. Advanced Internet Topics 1236 Section 18.1. 1237 Section 18.2. Zope: A Web Application Framework 1238 Section 18.3. HTMLgen: Web Pages from Objects 1254 Section 18.4. Jython: Python for Java 1261 Section 18.5. Grail: A Python-Based Web Browser 1272 Section 18.6. XML Processing Tools 1276 Section 18.7. Windows Web Scripting Extensions 1281 Section 18.8. Python Server Pages 1298 Section 18.9. Rolling Your Own Servers in Python 1301 Section 18.10. And Other Cool Stuff 1303 Part V: Tools and Techniques 1306 Chapter 19. Databases and Persistence 1307 Section 19.1. 1308 Section 19.2. Persistence Options in Python 1309 Section 19.3. DBM Files 1311 Section 19.4. Pickled Objects 1315 Section 19.5. Shelve Files 1321 Section 19.6. The ZODB Object-Oriented Database 1330 Section 19.7. SQL Database Interfaces 1343 Section 19.8. PyForm: A Persistent Object Viewer 1372 Chapter 20. Data Structures 1397 Section 20.1. 1398 Section 20.2. Implementing Stacks 1399 Section 20.3. Implementing Sets 1412 Section 20.4. Subclassing Built-In Types 1424 Section 20.5. Binary Search Trees 1429 Section 20.6. Graph Searching 1433 Section 20.7. Reversing Sequences 1439 Section 20.8. Permuting Sequences 1441 Section 20.9. Sorting Sequences 1444 Section 20.10. Data Structures Versus Python Built-Ins 1446 Section 20.11. PyTree: A Generic Tree Object Viewer 1448 Chapter 21. Text and Language 1461 Section 21.1. 1462 Section 21.2. Strategies for Parsing Text in Python 1463 Section 21.3. String Method Utilities 1464 Section 21.4. Regular Expression Pattern Matching 1475 Section 21.5. Advanced Language Tools 1489 Section 21.6. Handcoded Parsers 1491 Section 21.7. PyCalc: A Calculator Program/Object 1511 Part VI: Integration 1535 Chapter 22. Extending Python 1536 Section 22.1. 1537 Section 22.2. Integration Modes 1538 Section 22.3. C Extensions Overview 1541 Section 22.4. A Simple C Extension Module 1542 Section 22.5. Extension Module Details 1546 Section 22.6. The SWIG Integration Code Generator 1557 Section 22.7. Wrapping C Environment Calls 1564 Section 22.8. A C Extension Module String Stack 1571 Section 22.9. A C Extension Type String Stack 1576 Section 22.10. Wrapping C++ Classes with SWIG 1588 Section 22.11. Other Extending Tools 1598 Chapter 23. Embedding Python 1601 Section 23.1. 1602 Section 23.2. C Embedding API Overview 1603 Section 23.3. Basic Embedding Techniques 1606 Section 23.4. Registering Callback Handler Objects 1619 Section 23.5. Using Python Classes in C 1624 Section 23.6. A High-Level Embedding API: ppembed 1628 Section 23.7. Other Integration Topics 1642 Part VIII: The End 1646 Chapter 24. Conclusion: Python and the Development Cycle 1647 Section 24.1. 1648 Section 24.2. 1649 Section 24.3. The 1650 Section 24.4. Doing the Right Thing 1651 Section 24.5. Enter Python 1653 Section 24.6. But What About That Bottleneck? 1655 Section 24.7. On Sinking the Titanic 1660 Section 24.8. So What's 1662 Section 24.9. In the Final Analysis . . . 1663 Section 24.10. Postscript to the Second Edition (2000) 1664 Section 24.11. Postscript to the Third Edition (2006) 1666 About the Author 1669 Colophon 1670 Index 1671 A 1672 B 1674 C 1676 D 1682 E 1685 F 1688 G 1692 H 1695 I 1697 J 1700 K 1701 L 1702 M 1704 N 1707 O 1708 P 1711 Q 1718 R 1719 S 1721 T 1728 U 1732 V 1734 W 1735 X 1738 Y 1739 Z 1740 UNREGISTERD,VERSION UNREGISTERD VERSION This third edition has been updated to reflect current best practices and the abundance of changes introduced by the latest version of the language, Python 2.5. Whether you're a novice or an advanced practitioner, you'll find this refreshed book more than lives up to its reputation. Programming Python, 3rd Edition, teaches you the right way to code. It explains Python language syntax and programming techniques in a clear and concise manner, with numerous examples that illustrate both correct usage and common idioms. By reading this comprehensive guide, you'll learn how to apply Python in real-world problem domains such as: GUI programming, Internet scripting, parallel processing, database management, networked applications. You'll also learn how to use the Python language in realistically scaled programs--concepts such as Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and code reuse are recurring side themes throughout this text