Power Equipment Engine Technology (Record Breakers)

POWER EQUIPMENT ENGINE TECHNOLOGY (PEET) is designed to meet the basic needs of students interested in the subject of small engine repair by helping instructors present information that will aid in the student's learning experience. The subject matter is intended to help students become more qualified employment candidates for repair shops looking for well-prepared, entry-level technicians. PEET has been written to make the learning experience enjoyable: The easy-to-read-and-understand chapters and over 600 illustrations assist visual learners with content comprehension. The book comprises 17 chapters, starting with a brief history of the internal combustion engine and ending with a chapter on troubleshooting various conditions found on any power equipment engine. Both two-stroke and four-stroke engines are covered. PEET can be used not only by pre-entry-level technicians but also as a reference manual by practicing technicians, and it will be helpful for the general consumer of power equipment engines that has an interest in understanding how they work. In today's world, an education prior to working in the field is becoming more desirable by all shops that hire. Power equipment technicians are currently sought after and will continue to be in demand in the future as technology advances in the manufacturing of modern power equipment engines. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. Front Cover 1 Title Page 4 Copyright 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 PREFACE 12 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Power Equipment Engine Technology 14 Learning Objectives 14 Introduction 15 A Brief History of the Internal Combustion Engine 15 The Birth of the Internal Combustion Engine 16 Career Opportunities in the Power Equipment Engine Industry 18 Opportunities in Dealerships 19 Power Equipment Industry Education and Certification 21 Equipment & Engine Training Council 21 Summary 22 Chapter 1 Review Questions 22 CHAPTER 2 Safety First 23 Learning Objectives 23 Introduction 24 The Safety Attitude 24 Fire Safety 24 The Fire Triangle 25 The Four Fire Classes 25 Using a Fire Extinguisher 27 Hazardous Chemicals 29 Right-to-Know Laws 30 Electrical Safety 31 Exhaust Gas Safety 31 Safe Operation of Equipment 33 Good Housekeeping Practices 33 Handling Heavy Objects and Materials 35 Using Personal Protective Equipment 36 Protecting Your Eyes and Face 36 Protecting Your Lungs 37 Protecting Your Hearing 38 Proper Attire 38 Protecting Your Feet and Legs 38 Protecting Your Hands and Arms 38 Using Tools Safely 39 Using Hand Tools Safely 39 Using Power Tools Safely 39 Compressed Air Safety 40 Summary 40 Chapter 2 Review Questions 41 CHAPTER 3 Tools 42 Learning Objectives 42 Introduction 43 Basic Hand Tools 43 Wrenches 43 Screwdrivers 49 Pliers 51 Hammers 53 Punches and Chisels 53 Clamps and Vises 55 Cutting Tools 55 Power Tools 57 Drills 57 Drill Press 59 Bench Grinder 59 Air Tools 59 Special Tools 60 Pullers 60 Precision Measuring Tools 61 Test Instruments 64 Purchasing Tools 66 Storing Tools 67 Service Information Library 68 Summary 69 Chapter 3 Review Questions 69 CHAPTER 4 Measuring Systems, Fasteners, and Thread Repair 70 Learning Objectives 70 Introduction 71 Measurement Systems 71 The Conventional System 71 The Metric System 71 Fasteners 72 The Nuts and Bolts of Bolts and Nuts 72 Fastener Anatomy 72 Thread Types 73 Bolt Grades 74 Bolts Types 74 Nuts 76 Washers 77 Thread-Locking Agents and Sealers 78 Inspection and Cleaning of Threaded Fasteners 79 Stresses on Threaded Fasteners 80 Preload 81 Tips for Working with Threaded Fasteners 82 Tightening and Torque 82 Torque 83 Torque Wrenches 83 Repairing and Replacing Broken Fasteners 85 Screw Extractors 85 Drilling and Re-Tapping 86 Thread Inserts 86 Summary 87 Chapter 4 Review Questions 88 CHAPTER 5 Basic Engine Operation and Configurations 89 Learning Objectives 89 Basic Engine Operation 90 Reciprocating Engines 90 Four-Stroke Basic Engine Operation 91 Two-Stroke Basic Engine Operation 91 Engine Ratings 92 Work 92 Horsepower 93 Torque 94 Engine Displacement 95 Compression Ratio 96 Basic Four-Stroke Engine Components 96 Cylinder Block/Crankcase 97 Crankshaft 98 Seals 98 Bearings 98 Gaskets 98 Piston 98 Cylinder Head 99 Counter-Balancer 100 Starting Devices 100 Basic Two-Stroke Engine Components 101 Cylinder Block/Crankcase 101 Crankshaft 101 Seals and Bearings 101 Gaskets 102 Starting Devices 102 Piston 102 Cylinder and Cylinder Head 102 Engine Cooling 102 Air-Cooled Engines 103 Liquid-Cooled Engines 103 Engine Configurations 104 Single Cylinder Engines 104 Horizontally Opposed Twin-Cylinder Engines 104 V-Twin Engines 104 Summary 105 Chapter 5 Review Questions 105 CHAPTER 6 Internal Combustion Engines 106 Learning Objectives 106 Introduction 107 General and Scientific Terms and Laws 107 Matter 107 Viscosity 108 Boyle's Law 108 Pressure Differences 108 Momentum 108 Laws of Motion 108 Energy 108 The Basic Internal Combustion Process 109 Construction of the Internal Combustion Engine 109 The Three Phases of Internal Combustion 110 Results of Combustion 111 Internal Combustion Engine Operation 111 Basic Four-Stroke Engine Components 112 Four-Stroke Cylinder Heads 112 Four-Stroke Camshafts 115 Four-Stroke Cylinders 117 Four-Stroke Pistons 117 Four-Stroke Piston Rings 118 Four-Stroke Crankshafts 119 Four-Stroke Connecting Rods 119 Four-Stroke Crankcase 120 Theory of Operation of the Four-Stroke Engine 120 Valve Operation 120 Fuel Induction 120 The Strokes of a Four-Stroke Engine 121 Two-Stroke Engines 122 Two-Stroke Engine Components 122 Two-Stroke Engine Cylinder Heads 122 Two-Stroke Cylinders 123 Two-Stroke Pistons 123 Two-Stroke Piston Rings 124 Two-Stroke Crankshafts 125 Two-Stroke Engine Connecting Rods 125 Two-Stroke Engine Crankcases 125 Theory of Operation of the Two-Stroke Engine 125 The Four Events of Two-Stroke Engine Operation 126 Two-Stroke Engine Areas 126 Two-Stroke Engine Ports 126 Two-Stroke Engine Events 127 Two-Stroke Engine Induction Systems 129 Piston Port Induction 129 Reed Valve Induction 129 Rotary Valve Induction 131 Two-Stroke Exhaust Systems 132 Comparing Two-Stroke and Four-Stroke Engines 132 Advantages of the Two-Stroke Engine 132 Disadvantages of the Two-Stroke Engine 132 Comparison Tables 133 Summary 133 Chapter 6 Review Questions 133 CHAPTER 7 Lubrication and Cooling Systems 135 Learning Objectives 135 Introduction 136 Lubricants and Lubrication 137 Cooling 137 Cleaning 138 Sealing 138 Lubricating 138 Types of Engine Oils 138 Oil Classification 139 Specialty Lubricants 141 Friction-Reducing Devices 141 Ball Bearings 142 Roller Bearings 142 Tapered Roller Bearings 142 Needle Bearings 142 Plain Bearings 142 Bushings 144 Seals 144 Two-Stroke Engine Lubrication 144 Premixed Fuel and Oil 145 Oil Injection 145 Four-Stroke Engine Lubrication 147 Wet-Sump Lubrication 148 Oil Circulation 148 Oil Pressure Relief Valve 150 Oil Filters 151 Oil Filter Bypass Valves 151 Oil Passages 151 Cooling Systems 151 Air Cooling 152 Liquid Cooling 152 Liquid-Cooling System Testing 156 Summary 157 Chapter 7 Review Questions 157 CHAPTER 8 Fuel Systems 158 Learning Objectives 158 Introduction 159 Fuel 159 Oxygen 160 The Carburetor 160 Principle of Atomization 161 The Venturi Principle 161 Fuel Delivery Systems 162 Fuel Tank 162 Fuel Valves 162 Fuel Lines 163 Fuel Pumps 163 Vent Hoses 164 Fuel Filters 164 Adjustment Screws 164 Air Filters 165 Carburetor Types and Operation 166 Cold Start Systems 169 Types of Carburetors 170 Fuel Injection 179 Direct Fuel Injection 180 Indirect Fuel Injection 180 Fuel Injection System Components 180 Basic Operation of the Fuel Injection System 185 Summary 185 Chapter 8 Review Questions 186 CHAPTER 9 Throttle and Governor Control Systems 187 Learning Objectives 187 Introduction 188 Manual Throttle Control 188 Choke and Engine Shut-Off Switch Linkage 190 Governor Throttle Control 190 Engine Speed and Load 190 Air Vane Governors 191 Centrifugal Governors 193 Summary 195 Chapter 9 Review Questions 195 CHAPTER 10 Two-Stroke Engine Top End Inspection 197 Learning Objectives 197 Introduction 198 Diagnostics 198 Repair Procedures 199 Disassembly of the Two-Stroke Engine Top End 199 Cleaning and Inspection of the Two-Stroke Engine Top End 201 Cleaning Top End Components 202 Cylinder and Cylinder Head Inspection 202 Piston Assembly Inspection 204 Starting the Reassembled Rebuilt Engine 213 Engine Break-In 213 Summary 213 Chapter 10 Review Questions 213 CHAPTER 11 Two-Stroke Engine Bottom End Inspection 214 Learning Objectives 214 Introduction 215 Common Bottom End Engine Failures 215 Repair Procedures 216 Two-Stroke Engine Removal and Disassembly 216 Two-Stroke Engine Bottom End Inspection 216 Inspecting the Engine Crankcase 217 Inspecting and Replacing Engine Seals 218 Inspecting and Replacing Engine Bearings 219 Inspecting the Crankshaft 220 Inspecting the Multi-Piece Crankshaft 221 Bench Testing 222 Summary 222 Chapter 11 Review Questions 223 CHAPTER 12 Four-Stroke Engine Inspection 224 Learning Objectives 224 Introduction 225 Diagnosis 225 Repair Procedures 226 Four-Stroke Engine Top End Disassembly and Inspection 227 Draining Fluids and Removing External Components 228 Cylinder Head Removal 229 Cylinder Head Inspection 230 Four-Stroke Engine Valves 232 Inspecting Valve Guides 236 Reconditioning Valve Seats 239 Valve Lapping 242 Removal and Inspection of Piston and Rings 243 Measuring the Cylinder 251 Piston Ring Installation 252 Common Bottom End Engine Failures 253 Leaking Engine Seals 253 Worn Crankshaft Bearings 253 Worn Connecting-Rod Bearings 254 Four-Stroke Engine Bottom End Inspection 255 Inspecting the Engine Block/Crankcase 255 Inspecting Engine Seals 255 Inspecting Engine Bearings 255 Inspecting the Oil Pump 257 Inspecting the Crankshaft 258 Inspecting the Camshaft 258 Four-Stroke Engine Reassembly 259 Installing the Crankshaft and the Oil Pump 259 Installing the Camshaft 259 Installing the Piston 260 Installing the Crankcase Cover 260 Installing Valves 261 Checking and Adjusting Valve Clearance 261 Bench Testing 261 Engine Break-In 262 Summary 262 Chapter 12 Review Questions 263 CHAPTER 13 Fundamentals of Electricity 264 Learning Objectives 264 Introduction 265 Safety Precautions with Electricity 265 Basics of Electricity 266 Electricity Theories 267 Atoms 267 The Battery 269 Capacitors 270 Circuits 270 Properties of Electricity 272 Units of Electricity 273 Amperes (Current) 273 Volts (Voltage) 273 Ohms (Resistance) 273 Watts (Electrical Power) 274 Common Electricity Quantities 275 Relation Between Current, Voltage, and Resistance 275 Alternating Current, Direct Current, and Voltage 276 Electrical Meters and Measurements 277 Electrical Meters 277 Multi-meter Operation 279 Magnetism 282 Types of Magnets 283 Magnetic Forces 283 AC Generator Operation 285 Solenoids 285 Electromagnetism in Motors 286 Electronic Devices 287 Electronic Components 287 Electrical Schematics and Symbols 289 Electricity Terms 289 Summary 294 Chapter 13 Review Questions 294 CHAPTER 14 Power Equipment Engine Charging Systems and DC Circuits 296 Learning Objectives 296 Introduction 297 Charging Systems 297 The Alternator 297 The Rectifier and the Voltage Regulator 300 The Battery 301 Charging System Operation 305 Types of Charging Systems 305 Half-Wave Charging System 305 Full-Wave Charging System 308 Three-Phase Permanent-Magnet Charging System 308 Three-Phase Excited-Field Electromagnet Charging System 308 Charging System Inspection 310 Hand Tools for Electrical Work 310 Battery Inspection 312 Rectifier/Regulator Inspection 314 Alternator Inspection and Testing 315 DC Electrical Circuits 317 Switches 318 Headlight Circuits 318 Turn-Signal and Hazard Relay Circuits 318 Warning Lights 319 Summary 319 Chapter 14 Review Questions 320 CHAPTER 15 Ignition and Electric Starting Systems 322 Learning Objectives 322 Introduction 323 Power Equipment Engine Ignition Systems 323 Ignition Timing 324 Basic Ignition System Components 326 Power Sources 327 Ignition Switch 327 Ignition Coil 327 Spark Plug 328 Triggering Switch Devices 331 Stop Switch 334 Types of Ignition Systems 334 Magneto Ignition Systems 334 Battery-and-Points Ignition Systems 336 Electronic Pointless Ignition Systems 337 Electric Starter Systems 341 DC Motor Operating Principle 341 Starter Motor Construction 343 Starter Solenoids 344 Starter Clutches 344 Summary 345 Chapter 15 Review Questions 346 CHAPTER 16 Power Equipment Engine Maintenance 347 Learning Objectives 347 Introduction 348 Maintenance Intervals 348 Maintenance Process Order 350 Power Equipment Engine Maintenance 350 Good Maintenance Begins with a Clean Machine 350 Oil and Oil Filter Inspection and Replacement 350 Cooling System Inspection 352 Compression and Leak-Down Tests 353 Valve Adjustment (Four-Stroke Engines) 355 Spark Plug Inspection and Replacement 356 Battery Inspection 359 Ignition System Inspection and Adjustment 362 Idle and Fuel Screw Adjustment 362 Air Filter Inspection 363 Power Equipment Engine Storage Procedures 366 Preparing an Engine for Storage 366 Removing an Engine from Storage 366 Summary 367 Chapter 16 Review Questions 367 CHAPTER 17 Power Equipment Engine Troubleshooting 368 Learning Objectives 368 Introduction 369 Systematic Approaches to Solving Problems 370 Types of Problems 370 The Troubleshooting Process 370 Troubleshooting Guides 371 Engine Problem Troubleshooting 372 Drivetrain Troubleshooting 374 Fuel System Troubleshooting 375 Does It Run Rich or Lean? 375 When Is the Problem Apparent? 375 Other Fuel–System-Related Problems 377 Electronic Fuel-Injection System Troubleshooting 377 Electrical Problem Troubleshooting 380 Charging-System Troubleshooting 380 Ignition-System Troubleshooting 382 DC Circuit Troubleshooting 383 Electric Starter-Motor Troubleshooting 384 Abnormal Noise Troubleshooting 385 Summary 386 Chapter 17 Review Questions 386 APPENDIX A–E 387 GLOSSARY 393 INDEX 402 Preface Chapter 1 : Introduction To Power Equipment Engine Technology. Learning objectives Introduction Brief history of the internal combustion engine. Birth of the internal combustion engine Career opportunities in the power equipment engine industry. Opportunities in dealerships Power equipment industry education and certification. Equipment & Engine Training Council Summary Review questions Chapter 2 : Safety First. Learning objectives Introduction Safety attitude Fire safety. Fire triangle Four fire classes Using a fire extinguisher Hazardous chemicals. Right-to-know laws Electrical safety Exhaust gas safety Safe operation of equipment Good housekeeping practices Handling heavy objects and materials Using personal protective equipment. Protecting your eyes and face Protecting your lungs Protecting your hearing Proper attire Protecting your feet and legs Protecting your hands and arms Using tools safely. Using hand tools safely Using power tools safely Compressed air safety Summary Review questions Chapter 3 : Tools. Learning objectives Introduction Basic hand tools. Wrenches Screwdrivers Pliers Hammers Punches and chisels Clamps and vises Cutting tools Power tools. Drills Drill press Bench grinder Air tools Special tools. Pullers Precision measuring tools Test instruments Purchasing tools Storing tools Service information library Summary Review questions Chapter 4 : Measuring Systems, Fasteners And Thread Repair. Learning objectives Introduction Measurement systems. Conventional system Metric system Fasteners. Nuts and bolts of bolts and nuts Fastener anatomy Thread types Bolt grades Bolts types Nuts Washers Thread-locking agents and sealers Inspection and cleaning of threaded fasteners Stresses on threaded fasteners. Preload Tips for working with threaded fasteners Tightening and torque. Torque Torque wrenches Repairing and replacing broken fasteners. Screw extractors Drilling and re-tapping Thread inserts Summary Review questions Chapter 5 : Basic Engine Operation And Configurations. Learning objectives Basic engine operation. Reciprocating engines Four-stroke basic engine operation Two-stroke basic engine operation Engine ratings. Work Horsepower Torque Engine displacement Compression ratio Basic four-stroke engine components. Cylinder block/crankcase Crankshaft Seals Bearings Gaskets Piston Cylinder head Counter-balancer Starting devices Basic two-stroke engine components. Cylinder block/crankcase Crankshaft Seals and bearings Gaskets Starting devices Piston Cylinder and cylinder head Engine cooling. Air-cooled engines Liquid-cooled engines Engine configurations. Single cylinder engines Horizontally opposed twin-cylinder engines V-twin engines Summary Review questions Chapter 6 : Internal Combustion Engines. Learning objectives Introduction General and scientific terms and laws. Matter Viscosity Boyle's Law Pressure differences Momentum Laws of motion Energy Basic internal combustion process. Construction of the internal combustion engine Three phases of internal combustion Results of combustion Internal combustion engine operation Basic four-stroke engine components. Four-stoke cylinder heads Four-stroke camshafts Four-stroke cylinders Four-stroke pistons Four-stroke piston rings Four-stroke crankshafts Four-stroke connecting rods Four-stroke crankcase Theory of operation of the four-stroke engine. Valve operation Fuel induction Strokes of a four-stroke engine Two-stroke engines Two-stroke engine components Two-stroke engine cylinder heads Two-stroke cylinders Two-stroke pistons Two-stroke piston rings Two-stroke crankshafts Two-stroke engine connecting rods Two-stroke engine crankcases Theory of operation of the two-stroke engine. Four events of two-stroke engine operation Two-stroke engine areas Two-stroke engine ports Two-stroke engine events Two-stroke engine induction systems. Piston port induction Reed valve induction Rotary valve induction Two-stroke exhaust systems Comparing two-stroke and four-stroke engines. Advantages of the two-stroke engine Disadvantages of the two-stroke engine Comparison tables Summary Review questions Chapter 7 : Lubrication And Cooling Systems. Learning objectives Introduction Lubricants and lubrication. Cooling Cleaning Sealing Lubricating Types of engine oils Oil classification Specialty lubricants Friction-reducing devices. Ball bearings Roller bearings Tapered roller bearings Needle bearings Plain bearings Bushings Seals Two-stroke engine lubrication. Premixed fuel and oil Oil injection Four-stroke engine lubrication. Wet-sump lubrication Oil circulation Oil pressure relief valve Oil filters Oil filter bypass valves Oil passages Cooling systems. Air cooling Liquid cooling Liquid-cooling system testing Summary Review questions Chapter 8 : Fuel Systems. Learning objectives Introduction Fuel Oxygen Carburetor. Principle of atomization Venturi principle Fuel delivery systems. Fuel tank Fuel valves Fuel lines Fuel pumps Vent hoses Fuel filters Adjustment screws Air filters Carburetor types and operation. Cold start systems Types of carburetors Fuel Injection. Direct fuel injection Indirect fuel injection Fuel injection system components Basic operation of the fuel injection system Summary Review questions Chapter 9 : Throttle And Governor Control Systems. Learning objectives Introduction Manual throttle control Choke and engine shut-off switch linkage Governor throttle control. Engine speed and load Air vane governors Centrifugal governors Summary Review questions Chapter 10 : Two Stroke Engine Top End Inspection. Learning objectives Introduction Diagnostics Repair procedures Disassembly of the two-stroke engine top end Cleaning and inspection of the two-stroke engine top end. Cleaning top end components Cylinder and cylinder head inspection Piston assembly inspection Starting the reassembled rebuilt engine. Engine break-in Summary Review questions Chapter 11 : Two-Stroke Engine Bottom End Inspection. Learning objectives Introduction. Common bottom end engine failures Repair procedures Two-stroke engine removal and disassembly Two-stroke engine bottom end inspection. Inspecting the engine crankcase Inspecting and replacing engine seals Inspecting and replacing engine bearings Inspecting the crankshaft Inspecting the multi-piece crankshaft Bench testing Summary Review questions Chapter 12 : Four-Stroke Engine Inspection. Learning objectives Introduction Diagnosis Repair procedures Four-stroke top end disassembly and inspection. Draining fluids and removing external components Cylinder head removal Cylinder head inspection Four-stroke engine valves Inspecting valve guides Reconditioning valve seats Valve lapping Removal and inspection of piston and rings Measuring the cylinder Piston ring installation Common bottom end engine failures. Leaking engine seals Worn crankshaft bearings Worn connecting-rod bearings Four-stroke engine bottom end inspection. Inspecting the engine block/crankcase Inspecting engine seals Inspecting engine bearings Inspecting the oil pump Inspecting the crankshaft Inspecting the camshaft Four-stroke engine reassembly. Installing the crankshaft and the oil pump Installing the camshaft Installing the piston Installing the crankcase cover Installing valves Checking and adjusting valve clearance Bench testing Engine break-in Summary Review questions Chapter 13 : Fundamentals Of Electricity. Learning objectives Introduction Safety precautions with electricity Basics of electricity. Electricity theories Atoms Battery Capacitors Circuits Properties of electricity Units of electricity. Amperes (current) Volts (voltage) Ohms (resistance) Watts (electrical power) Common electricity quantities Relation between current, voltage, and resistance Alternating current, direct current, and voltage Electrical meters and measurements. Electrical meters Multi-meter operation Magnetism. Types of magnets Magnetic forces AC generator operation Solenoids Electromagnetism in motors Electronic devices. Electronic components Electrical schematics and symbols Electricity terms Summary Review questions Chapter 14 : Power Equipment Engine Charging Systems And DC Circuits. Learning objectives Introduction Charging systems. Alternator Rectifier and the voltage regulator Battery Charging system operation Types of charging systems. Half-wave charging system Full-wave charging system Three-phase permanent-magnet charging system Three-phase excited-field electromagnet charging system Charging system inspection. Hand tools for electrical work Battery inspection Rectifier/regulator inspection Alternator inspection and testing DC electrical circuits. Switches Headlight circuits Turn-signal and hazard relay circuits Warning lights Summary Review questions Chapter 15 : Ignition And Electric Starting Systems. Learning objectives Introduction Power equipment engine ignition systems. Ignition timing Basic ignition system components. Power sources Ignition switch Ignition coil Spark plug Triggering switch devices Stop switch Types of ignition systems. Magneto ignition systems Battery-and-points ignition systems Electronic pointless ignition systems Electric starter systems. DC motor operating principle Starter motor construction Starter solenoids Starter clutches Summary Review questions Chapter 16 : Power Equipment Engine Maintenance. Learning objectives Introduction Maintenance intervals Maintenance process order Power equipment engine maintenance. Good maintenance begins with a clean machine Oil and oil filter inspection and replacement Cooling system inspection Compression and leak-down tests Valve adjustment (four-stroke engines) Spark plug inspection and replacement Battery inspection Ignition system inspection and adjustment Idle and fuel screw adjustment Air filter inspection Power equipment engine storage procedures. Preparing an engine for storage Removing an engine from storage Summary Review questions Chapter 17 : Power Equipment Engine Troubleshooting. Learning objectives Introduction Systematic approaches to solving problems. Types of problems Troubleshooting process Troubleshooting guides Engine problem troubleshooting. Drivetrain troubleshooting Fuel system troubleshooting. Does it run rich or lean? When is the problem apparent? Other fuel-system related problems Electronic fuel-injection system troubleshooting Electrical problem troubleshooting. Charging-system troubleshooting Ignition-system troubleshooting DC circuit troubleshooting Electric starter-motor troubleshooting Abnormal noise troubleshooting Summary Review questions Appendix A-E Glossary From the Back Cover: Power Equipment Engine Technology (PEET) is a comprehensive textbook that is designed to meet the basic needs of readers interested in the subject of small engine repair, and to help students become more qualified candidates for shops looking for well-prepared, entry-level technicians. PEET contains 17 chapters, beginning with a brief history of the internal combustion engine and ending with a chapter on troubleshooting various conditions found on any power equipment engine. Also, both two-stroke and four-stroke engines are covered. This book has been written to make the learning experience enjoyable, with easy-to-read-and-understand chapters and over 600 illustrations to assist visual learners with content comprehension. PEET can be used not only by pre-entry-level technicians but also as a reference manual by practicing technicians, and it will be helpful for the general consumer of power equipment engines that has an interest in understanding how they work. Power equipment technicians are currently sought after and will continue to be in demand in the future as technology advances in the manufacturing of modern power equipment engines Power Equipment Engine Technology (PEET) is a comprehensive textbook that is designed to meet the basic needs of readers interested in the subject of small engine repair, and to help students become more qualified candidates for shops looking for well-prepared, entry-level technicians. PEET contains 17 chapters, beginning with a brief history of the internal combustion engine and ending with a chapter on troubleshooting various conditions found on any power equipment engine. Also, both two-stroke and four-stroke engines are covered. This book has been written to make the learning experience enjoyable, with easy-to-read-and-understand chapters and over 600 illustrations to assist visual learners with content comprehension. PEET can be used not only by pre-entry-level technicians but also as a reference manual by practicing technicians, and it will be helpful for the general consumer of power equipment engines that has an interest in understanding how they work. Power equipment technicians are currently sought after and will continue to be in demand in the future as technology advances in the manufacturing of modern power equipment engines. - Back cover. POWER EQUIPMENT ENGINE TECHNOLOGY (PEET) has been written to make the learning experience enjoyable with easy-to-read-and-understand chapters and over 600 illustrations to assist visual learners with content comprehension. The book comprises 17 chapters, starting with a brief history of the internal combustion engine and ending with a chapter on troubleshooting various conditions found on any power equipment engine. With the book's extensive content, both two-stroke and four-stroke engines are covered. PEET can be used not only by pre-entry-level technicians but also as a reference manual by practicing technicians, and it will be helpful for the general consumer of power equipment engines that has an interest in understanding how they work. Power equipment technicians are currently sought after and will continue to be in demand in the future as technology advances in the manufacturing of modern power equipment engines. Give yourself a head-start in today's world with PEET - giving you the knowledge you need with a solid education prior to working in the field.

POWER EQUIPMENT ENGINE TECHNOLOGY (PEET) has been written to make the learning experience enjoyable with easy-to-read-and-understand chapters and over 600 illustrations to assist visual learners with content comprehension. Give yourself a head-start in today's world with PEET - giving you the knowledge you need with a solid education prior to working in the field.