مهندسی ژنتیک: یک راهنمای مرجع، ویرایش دوم

From the publication of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World in 1932 to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1996, the public has long been fascinated by the idea that humans may one day be able to mold or even create life. In less than 30 years, genetic engineering has itself mutated from science fiction to science fact. Supporters claim such innovations as genetically modified crops and gene therapy are poised to bring unparalleled benefits by eliminating hunger and hereditary disease, whereas critics warn the dream could easily become a nightmare. Packed with key facts and analysis, Genetic Engineering: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition provides an expert guide to the very latest discoveries in genetic engineering and genetic modification and the technology's complex ethical, scientific, and economic implications. Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- -- 1. Overview of genetic engineering -- What is genetic engineering, and why is it important today? -- The brief history of the genetic engineering revolution -- Nuts and bolts of genetic engineering -- The structure of DNA -- The DNA code -- Cloning technology -- Polymerase chain reaction -- Chip technologies -- Information management and the rise of bioinformatics -- Gene mapping -- Pharmacogenomics -- Bioinformatics -- Genetically modified animals and plants -- Nuclear transplantation -- Stem cell regenerative therapy -- Applications of genetic engineering -- Biomanufacturing -- Agriculture -- Industry -- Bioremediation -- Medicine and health -- Gene therapy -- Pharmacogenomics -- DNA and the law -- Biological warfare and bioterrorism -- Conclusion -- References. 2. Problems, controversies, and solutions -- Problems and controversy -- Safety of genetic engineering -- Genetic engineering and health -- Genetic testing -- Health privacy -- Insurance and employment -- Human cloning -- Religious implications of genetic engineering -- Embryonic stem cells -- Impact of genetic engineering on health and privacy -- Possibilities for action -- Impact of genetically modified foods -- Genetic engineering of food animals -- Environmental safety -- Agribusiness control of agriculture -- Possibilities for action -- Impact of bioremediation -- Possibilities for action -- Impact of genetic engineering on DNA and the law -- Where is genetic engineering today? -- Scientists and physicians -- Industry-- Universities -- Ecological activists -- Politicians -- References. 3. Worldwide perspective -- International impact of genetic engineering -- Status of genetic engineering around the world -- Impact on developing countries -- Possible impact of genetic engineering -- Recommendations for action -- Biowarfare and bioterrorism -- International mirror of controversies in the United States -- Genetically modified foods -- International regulation of genetic engineering -- References -- -- 4. Chronology of genetic engineering -- -- 5. Biographical sketches -- William French Anderson -- Paul Berg -- Herbert Wayne Boyer -- Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty -- John William Coleman -- Francis Sellers Collins -- Francis Harry Compton Crick -- Rosalind Franklin -- Albert Gore, Jr. -- Leroy E. Hood -- Edward Moore Kennedy -- Michael Martin -- Barbara McClintock -- Louis Pasteur -- Jeremy Rifkin -- Marian Lucy Rivas -- Maxine Frank Singer -- Robert Swanson -- James Alexander Thomson -- J. Craig Venter -- James Dewey Watson. 6. Facts, data, and opinion -- Statistical data -- Understanding and acceptance of genetic engineering -- Genetic engineering as a business -- The cycle of ideas -- Medical applications -- Agriculture and manufacturing -- Bioremediation -- Safety -- Ethics -- Bioterrorism -- Genetic testing -- Employment and insurance -- DNA forensics -- HUman cloning -- Stem cells -- Summary -- References -- -- 7. Directory of organizations, associations, and agencies -- -- 8. Selected print and nonprint resources -- Books -- General -- Ethics -- International -- Legal -- Business -- Agriculture -- Environment -- Science -- Books on genetic engineering (young adult sources) -- U.S. Government publications -- Office of Technology Assessment Documents -- Congressional reports -- Other government agency reports -- Nongovernment reports -- Periodicals and newsletters -- Directories -- Selected nonprint resources -- Videocassettes -- Computer programs and other electronic resources -- Databases -- Internet sources on genetic engineering -- Appendix : acronyms -- Glossary -- Index -- About the author. From The Publication Of Frankenstein In 1818 To The Cloning Of Dolly The Sheep In 1996, The Public Has Long Been Fascinated By The Idea That Humans May One Day Be Able To Mold Or Even Create Life. In Less Than 30 Years, Genetic Engineering Has Itself Mutated From Science Fiction To Science Fact. Supporters Claim Such Innovations As Genetically Modified Crops And Gene Therapy Are Poised To Bring Unparalleled Benefits By Eliminating Hunger And Hereditary Disease, Whereas Critics Warn The Dream Could Easily Become A Nightmare. Including Facts And Analysis, Genetic Engineering: A Reference Handbook Provides A Guide To The Latest Discoveries In Genetic Engineering And Genetic Modification And The Technology's Complex Ethical, Scientific, And Economic Implications. Overview Of Genetic Engineering -- Problems, Controversies, And Solutions -- Worldwide Perspective -- Chronology Of Genetic Engineering -- Biographical Sketches -- Facts, Data, And Opinion -- Directory Of Organizations, Associations, And Agencies -- Selected Print And Nonprint Resources. Harry Levine Iii. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. From Dolly the sheep to Frankenfood, life-saving medicines, and beyond, this insightful work describes the technology and controversy behind genetic engineering. From the publication of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World in 1932 to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1996, the public has long been fascinated by the idea that humans may one day be able to mold or even create life. In less than 30 years, genetic engineering has itself mutated from science fiction to science fact. Supporters claim such innovations as genetically modified crops and gene therapy are poised to bring unparalleled benefits by eliminating hunger and hereditary disease, whereas critics warn the dream could easily become a nightmare. Packed with key facts and analysis, Genetic A Reference Handbook, Second Edition provides an expert guide to the very latest discoveries in genetic engineering and genetic modification and the technology's complex ethical, scientific, and economic implications. From the publication of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World in 1932 to the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1996, the public has long been fascinated by the idea that humans may one day be able to mold or even create life. In less than 30 years, genetic engineering has itself mutated from science fiction to science fact. Supporters claim such innovations as genetically modified crops and gene therapy are poised to bring unparalleled benefits by eliminating hunger and hereditary disease, whereas critics warn the dream could easily become a nightmare.Packed with key facts and analysis, Genetic Engineering: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition provides an expert guide to the very latest discoveries in genetic engineering and genetic modification and the technologyis complex ethical, scientific, and economic implications. 'The second edition of Genetic Engineering covers accelerating advances in DNA technology and its applications since the first edition. The science continues to outstrip the ability of Western societies to fit the new capabilities with the philosophical and political expectations of their people and institutions. Many of the basic social and ethical issues raised at the outset remain. Legislative guidelines favored by most to provide basic protections of individual privacy and against genetic discrimination of various sorts are being established in many nations. The moral and ethical questions remain particularly divisive in the United States, reflecting the deep philosophical differences on many issues that polarize this nation'--Preface. Preliminaries 1 Contents -1 Preface to the Second Edition -1 Preface to the First Edition -1 1 Overview of Genetic Engineering -1 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions -1 3 Worldwide Perspective -1 4 Chronology of Genetic Engineering -1 5 Biographical Sketches -1 6 Facts Data and Opinion -1 7 Directory of Organizations, Associations, and Agencies 215 8 Selected Print and Nonprint Resources -1 Appendix Acronyms -1 Glossary -1 Index -1 About the Author -1 A complete overview of genetic engineering, including important background information to help readers understand this important and often controversial scientific topic. Scientists successfully recombined DNA from different organisms for the first time in the early 1970s Introduces major concepts in the modification of genes in plants, animals, and humans, including coverage of such topics as DNA and the law, genetically modified foods, and the stem-cell debate. Preliminaries......Page 1 About the Author......Page 0 7 Directory of Organizations, Associations, and Agencies......Page 215