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This book describes how to prevent, detect and suppress fires in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. This comprehensive reference guide outlines a variety of proven firefighting methods and fire protection specifications. An extensive appendix provides applicable piping and pressure tables, system diagrams, engineer and contractor information, extinguisher charts, and sample calculations. The book provides important technical information necessary to make the right decisions about the installation of the latest, most efficient fire protection system in an easy-to-understand format. Its intention is to educate those who are responsible, not only for themselves and their own property, but for the property and lives of others. Engineers, building owners, architects, designers, contractors, maintenance personnel, etc., all carry this burden of responsibility and will benefit from the information offered. Front Matter 1 Preface 3 Table of Contents 4 1. What is Fire Protection? 7 1.1 Authorities Having Jurisdiction 7 1.2 General Precautions 9 1.3 Fire-Safety Education 12 1.3.1 Fire Drills 15 1.4 Fire-Protection Organizations 16 1.4.1 The NFPA 16 1.4.2 Factory Mutual 17 1.5 Codes and Standards 18 Notes 19 2. Basic Chemistry and Physics of a Fire 20 2.1 Smoke 21 2.1.1 Smoke Control 22 2.2 Chemistry 23 2.3 Fire Extinguishing 25 Notes 26 3. Fire Safety in Building Design 27 3.1 Exits and Openings 28 3.2 Fire Barriers 28 3.3 Fire-Safety Personnel 29 3.4 New Construction 30 3.5 Remodeling 32 Notes 32 4. Fire-Detection Systems 33 4.1 Manual and Automatic Detection Systems 34 4.2 Types of Detection Device 34 4.2.1 Heat Detectors 35 4.2.2 Smoke Detectors 37 4.2.3 Flame Detectors 39 4.3 Choosing a Detector Device 40 4.3.1 Detector Location and Spacing 41 4.4 Alarms 43 Notes 43 5. Fire Suppression 44 5.1 Extinguishing Agents 44 5.1.1 Water 46 6. Fire Pumps 48 6.1 Pump Components 49 6.2 Booster Pumps 51 6.3 Spare Pumps 51 6.4 Maintaining Pressure 52 6.4.1 Jockey Pump 52 6.4.2 Hydropneumatic Tanks 53 6.5 Pump Curves 60 Notes 61 7. Water-Suppression Systems 62 7.1 Standpipes 63 7.2 Hoses 66 8. Automatic Sprinkler Systems 67 8.1 History of Sprinklers 68 8.2 Selecting the Type of Sprinkler System 68 8.3 Sprinkler Definitions 68 8.4 Sprinkler Operation 70 8.5 Care and Maintenance 71 8.6 System Design 71 8.6.1 Water Supply 72 8.6.2 Strainers 72 8.6.3 Piping 72 8.6.4 Pressure and Temperature 73 8.6.5 Flushing 74 8.6.6 Area Limitation 74 8.6.7 System Drainage 75 8.7 Sprinkler Components 76 8.7.1 Restraining Elements 77 8.7.2 Temperature Ratings 79 8.7.3 Deflectors 81 8.7.4 Sprinkler-Head Types 81 8.8 Water-Deluge Spray System 82 8.8.1 Dry-Pipe or Deluge Valve 86 8.9 Sprinkler Installation 87 8.10 Alarms 88 Notes 89 9. Hydraulic Principles and Properties of Water 90 9.1 Protection of Water-Source Quality 91 9.2 Properties of Water 91 9.2.1 Density 92 9.2.2 Viscosity 92 9.2.3 Boiling Point 92 9.2.4 Water Flow 93 9.3 Hydraulics 94 9.3.1 Calculations 95 9.3.2 Measurements 95 9.3.3 Examples 97 9.3.4 Table Verification 104 Notes 112 11. General Information about Fire-Protection Systems 113 11.1 General 113 11.1.1 Permissible Leakage during Hydrostatic Tests 113 11.1.2 Fire-Department Connection 113 11.1.3 Common Water Supply 114 11.1.4 Long Run of Pipe 115 11.1.5 Sprinkler-Pipe Protection 115 11.1.6 Joining Fire-Protection Pipes 116 11.1.7 Deflector Position 116 11.1.8 Vertical Shafts 117 11.1.9 Shipping Docks 117 11.1.10 Sprinklers for Protection against Exposure Fires 117 11.1.11 Spare-Sprinkler Requirements 117 11.1.12 Special Types of Sprinkler 117 11.1.13 Valves 118 11.1.14 Sprinkler Testing 118 11.1.15 Pipe Supports 120 11.1.16 Fire-Protection Symbols and Abbreviations 120 11.1.17 Fire-Protection Definitions 120 11.1.18 Fire Rating 120 11.1.19 Fire Loading 121 11.1.20 Piping Materials 121 11.1.21 Sprinkler Arrangement 121 12. Fire-Protection System Inspection and Maintenance 123 12.1 Maintenance 124 12.1.1 Inspecting 124 12.1.2 Testing 126 12.1.3 Cleaning 126 12.1.4 Preventive Maintenance 126 12.1.5 Repair and Replacement 126 13. Carbon Dioxide 128 13.1 Fire-Suppression Agent 128 13.2 System Applications 131 13.3 Advantages and Disadvantages 133 13.4 Alarms and Evacuation 133 13.5 Specifications 134 13.6 Cylinders and Scales 134 13.7 Pipe-Sizing Calculations 136 13.7.1 Pressure-Relief Venting Formula 137 13.8 Halon Replacement 140 Notes 140 14. Foam and other Extinguishing Agent 141 14.1 Foam 141 14.1.1 Foam Application 142 14.2 Dry-Chemical Systems 143 14.3 Wet-Chemical Systems 144 Notes 144 15. Portable Fire Extinguishers 145 15.1 History 148 Notes 148 16. A Few Final Words on Fire Protection 149 16.1 Energy Conservation 149 16.2 Fire Development 149 16.3 Assessing the Life Safety in Buildings 149 16.4 Hazards Generated by Building Services 150 16.5 Firefighting in a High-Rise Building 150 17. Sample Specification for a Water Fire-Protection System 151 17.1 General 153 17.2 Materials 162 17.3 Construction Methods 180 18. Sample Specification for Portable Fire Extinguishers 188 18.1 Summary 188 18.2 Materials 189 18.3 Construction Methods 190 Notes 191 19. Sample Specification for a High-Pressure CO_2 Fire-Protection System 192 19.1 Summary 192 19.2 Materials 196 19.3 Construction Methods 200 20. Sample Specification for a Clean-Gas Fire-Protection System 202 20.1 General 202 20.2 Materials for Clean Agent 206 20.3 Construction Methods 212 Appendices 213 Appendix A: Alphabetical Listing of NFPA Standards 213 References 221 Index 223 A 223 B 229 C 233 D 242 E 247 F 252 G 262 H 265 I 270 J 272 K 273 L 273 M 276 N 279 O 282 P 285 Q 292 R 293 S 296 T 309 U 312 V 313 W 315 Y 318 Z 318 Content: Front Matter • Preface • Table of Contents 1. What is Fire Protection? 2. Basic Chemistry and Physics of a Fire 3. Fire Safety in Building Design 4. Fire-Detection Systems 5. Fire Suppression 6. Fire Pumps 7. Water-Suppression Systems (Manually Operated) 8. Automatic Sprinkler Systems 9. Hydraulic Principles and Properties of Water 10. Sprinkler-System Calculations 11. General Information about Fire-Protection Systems 12. Fire-Protection System Inspection and Maintenance 13. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Halon Replacement 14. Foam and other Extinguishing Agent 15. Portable Fire Extinguishers 16. A Few Final Words on Fire Protection 17. Sample Specification for a Water Fire-Protection System 18. Sample Specification for Portable Fire Extinguishers 19. Sample Specification for a High-Pressure CO2 Fire-Protection System 20. Sample Specification for a Clean-Gas Fire-Protection System Appendices • References Index Fire Protection Systems Provides Technical Informatin For Building Fire Protection Design. It Includes System Descriptions, Fire Protection, Detection, And Suppression Methods And Design, And Sample Specifications.