مدیریت اسناد — فرمت سند قابل حمل: PDF 1.7 1

Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7 Contents Page Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Conformance 2.1 General 2.2 Conforming readers 2.3 Conforming writers 2.4 Conforming products 3 Normative references 4 Terms and definitions 5 Notation 6 Version Designations 7 Syntax 7.1 General 7.2 Lexical Conventions 7.2.1 General 7.2.2 Character Set 7.2.3 Comments 7.3 Objects 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Boolean Objects 7.3.3 Numeric Objects 7.3.4 String Objects 7.3.4.1 General 7.3.4.2 Literal Strings 7.3.4.3 Hexadecimal Strings 7.3.5 Name Objects 7.3.6 Array Objects 7.3.7 Dictionary Objects 7.3.8 Stream Objects 7.3.8.1 General 7.3.8.2 Stream Extent 7.3.9 Null Object 7.3.10 Indirect Objects 7.4 Filters 7.4.1 General 7.4.2 ASCIIHexDecode Filter 7.4.3 ASCII85Decode Filter 7.4.4 LZWDecode and FlateDecode Filters 7.4.4.1 General 7.4.4.2 Details of LZW Encoding 7.4.4.3 LZWDecode and FlateDecode Parameters 7.4.4.4 LZW and Flate Predictor Functions 7.4.5 RunLengthDecode Filter 7.4.6 CCITTFaxDecode Filter 7.4.7 JBIG2Decode Filter 7.4.8 DCTDecode Filter 7.4.9 JPXDecode Filter 7.4.10 Crypt Filter 7.5 File Structure 7.5.1 General 7.5.2 File Header 7.5.3 File Body 7.5.4 Cross-Reference Table 7.5.5 File Trailer 7.5.6 Incremental Updates 7.5.7 Object Streams 7.5.8 Cross-Reference Streams 7.5.8.1 General 7.5.8.2 Cross-Reference Stream Dictionary 7.5.8.3 Cross-Reference Stream Data 7.5.8.4 Compatibility with Applications That Do Not Support Compressed Reference Streams 7.6 Encryption 7.6.1 General 7.6.2 General Encryption Algorithm 7.6.3 Standard Security Handler 7.6.3.1 General 7.6.3.2 Standard Encryption Dictionary 7.6.3.3 Encryption Key Algorithm 7.6.3.4 Password Algorithms 7.6.4 Public-Key Security Handlers 7.6.4.1 General 7.6.4.2 Public-Key Encryption Dictionary 7.6.4.3 Public-Key Encryption Algorithms 7.6.5 Crypt Filters 7.7 Document Structure 7.7.1 General 7.7.2 Document Catalog 7.7.3 Page Tree 7.7.3.1 General 7.7.3.2 Page Tree Nodes 7.7.3.3 Page Objects 7.7.3.4 Inheritance of Page Attributes 7.7.4 Name Dictionary 7.8 Content Streams and Resources 7.8.1 General 7.8.2 Content Streams 7.8.3 Resource Dictionaries 7.9 Common Data Structures 7.9.1 General 7.9.2 String Object Types 7.9.2.1 General 7.9.2.2 Text String Type 7.9.2.3 PDFDocEncoded String Type 7.9.2.4 Byte String Type 7.9.3 Text Streams 7.9.4 Dates 7.9.5 Rectangles 7.9.6 Name Trees 7.9.7 Number Trees 7.10 Functions 7.10.1 General 7.10.2 Type 0 (Sampled) Functions 7.10.3 Type 2 (Exponential Interpolation) Functions 7.10.4 Type 3 (Stitching) Functions 7.10.5 Type 4 (PostScript Calculator) Functions 7.10.5.1 General 7.10.5.2 Errors in Type 4 Functions 7.11 File Specifications 7.11.1 General 7.11.2 File Specification Strings 7.11.2.1 General 7.11.2.2 Absolute and Relative File Specifications 7.11.2.3 Conversion to Platform-Dependent File Names 7.11.2.4 Multiple-Byte Strings in File Specifications 7.11.3 File Specification Dictionaries 7.11.4 Embedded File Streams 7.11.4.1 General 7.11.4.2 Related Files Arrays 7.11.5 URL Specifications 7.11.6 Collection Items 7.11.7 Maintenance of File Specifications 7.12 Extensions Dictionary 7.12.1 General 7.12.2 Developer Extensions Dictionary 7.12.3 BaseVersion 7.12.4 ExtensionLevel 8 Graphics 8.1 General 8.2 Graphics Objects 8.3 Coordinate Systems 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Coordinate Spaces 8.3.2.1 General 8.3.2.2 Device Space 8.3.2.3 User Space 8.3.2.4 Other Coordinate Spaces 8.3.2.5 Relationships among Coordinate Spaces 8.3.3 Common Transformations 8.3.4 Transformation Matrices 8.4 Graphics State 8.4.1 General 8.4.2 Graphics State Stack 8.4.3 Details of Graphics State Parameters 8.4.3.1 General 8.4.3.2 Line Width 8.4.3.3 Line Cap Style 8.4.3.4 Line Join Style 8.4.3.5 Miter Limit 8.4.3.6 Line Dash Pattern 8.4.4 Graphics State Operators 8.4.5 Graphics State Parameter Dictionaries 8.5 Path Construction and Painting 8.5.1 General 8.5.2 Path Construction Operators 8.5.2.1 General 8.5.2.2 Cubic Bézier Curves 8.5.3 Path-Painting Operators 8.5.3.1 General 8.5.3.2 Stroking 8.5.3.3 Filling 8.5.3.3.1 General 8.5.3.3.2 Nonzero Winding Number Rule 8.5.3.3.3 Even-Odd Rule 8.5.4 Clipping Path Operators 8.6 Colour Spaces 8.6.1 General 8.6.2 Colour Values 8.6.3 Colour Space Families 8.6.4 Device Colour Spaces 8.6.4.1 General 8.6.4.2 DeviceGray Colour Space 8.6.4.3 DeviceRGB Colour Space 8.6.4.4 DeviceCMYK Colour Space 8.6.5 CIE-Based Colour Spaces 8.6.5.1 General 8.6.5.2 CalGray Colour Spaces 8.6.5.3 CalRGB Colour Spaces 8.6.5.4 Lab Colour Spaces 8.6.5.5 ICCBased Colour Spaces 8.6.5.6 Default Colour Spaces 8.6.5.7 Implicit Conversion of CIE-Based Colour Spaces 8.6.5.8 Rendering Intents 8.6.6 Special Colour Spaces 8.6.6.1 General 8.6.6.2 Pattern Colour Spaces 8.6.6.3 Indexed Colour Spaces 8.6.6.4 Separation Colour Spaces 8.6.6.5 DeviceN Colour Spaces 8.6.6.6 Multitone Examples 8.6.7 Overprint Control 8.6.8 Colour Operators 8.7 Patterns 8.7.1 General 8.7.2 General Properties of Patterns 8.7.3 Tiling Patterns 8.7.3.1 General 8.7.3.2 Coloured Tiling Patterns 8.7.3.3 Uncoloured Tiling Patterns 8.7.4 Shading Patterns 8.7.4.1 General 8.7.4.2 Shading Operator 8.7.4.3 Shading Dictionaries 8.7.4.4 Colour Space: Special Considerations 8.7.4.4.1 General 8.7.4.5 Shading Types 8.7.4.5.1 General 8.7.4.5.2 Type 1 (Function-Based) Shadings 8.7.4.5.3 Type 2 (Axial) Shadings 8.7.4.5.4 Type 3 (Radial) Shadings 8.7.4.5.5 Type 4 Shadings (Free-Form Gouraud-Shaded Triangle Meshes) 8.7.4.5.6 Type 5 Shadings (Lattice-Form Gouraud-Shaded Triangle Meshes) 8.7.4.5.7 Type 6 Shadings (Coons Patch Meshes) 8.7.4.5.8 Type 7 Shadings (Tensor-Product Patch Meshes) 8.8 External Objects 8.8.1 General 8.8.2 PostScript XObjects 8.9 Images 8.9.1 General 8.9.2 Image Parameters 8.9.3 Sample Representation 8.9.4 Image Coordinate System 8.9.5 Image Dictionaries 8.9.5.1 General 8.9.5.2 Decode Arrays 8.9.5.3 Image Interpolation 8.9.5.4 Alternate Images 8.9.6 Masked Images 8.9.6.1 General 8.9.6.2 Stencil Masking 8.9.6.3 Explicit Masking 8.9.6.4 Colour Key Masking 8.9.7 Inline Images 8.10 Form XObjects 8.10.1 General 8.10.2 Form Dictionaries 8.10.3 Group XObjects 8.10.4 Reference XObjects 8.10.4.1 General 8.10.4.2 Printing Reference XObjects 8.10.4.3 Special Considerations 8.11 Optional Content 8.11.1 General 8.11.2 Optional Content Groups 8.11.2.1 General 8.11.2.2 Optional Content Membership Dictionaries 8.11.2.3 Intent 8.11.3 Making Graphical Content Optional 8.11.3.1 General 8.11.3.2 Optional Content in Content Streams 8.11.3.3 Optional Content in XObjects and Annotations 8.11.4 Configuring Optional Content 8.11.4.1 General 8.11.4.2 Optional Content Properties Dictionary 8.11.4.3 Optional Content Configuration Dictionaries 8.11.4.4 Usage and Usage Application Dictionaries 8.11.4.5 Determining the State of Optional Content Groups 9 Text 9.1 General 9.2 Organization and Use of Fonts 9.2.1 General 9.2.2 Basics of Showing Text 9.2.3 Achieving Special Graphical Effects 9.2.4 Glyph Positioning and Metrics 9.3 Text State Parameters and Operators 9.3.1 General 9.3.2 Character Spacing 9.3.3 Word Spacing 9.3.4 Horizontal Scaling 9.3.5 Leading 9.3.6 Text Rendering Mode 9.3.7 Text Rise 9.3.8 Text Knockout 9.4 Text Objects 9.4.1 General 9.4.2 Text-Positioning Operators 9.4.3 Text-Showing Operators 9.4.4 Text Space Details 9.5 Introduction to Font Data Structures 9.6 Simple Fonts 9.6.1 General 9.6.2 Type 1 Fonts 9.6.2.1 General 9.6.2.2 Standard Type 1 Fonts (Standard 14 Fonts) 9.6.2.3 Multiple Master Fonts 9.6.3 TrueType Fonts 9.6.4 Font Subsets 9.6.5 Type 3 Fonts 9.6.6 Character Encoding 9.6.6.1 General 9.6.6.2 Encodings for Type 1 Fonts 9.6.6.3 Encodings for Type 3 Fonts 9.6.6.4 Encodings for TrueType Fonts 9.7 Composite Fonts 9.7.1 General 9.7.2 CID-Keyed Fonts Overview 9.7.3 CIDSystemInfo Dictionaries 9.7.4 CIDFonts 9.7.4.1 General 9.7.4.2 Glyph Selection in CIDFonts 9.7.4.3 Glyph Metrics in CIDFonts 9.7.5 CMaps 9.7.5.1 General 9.7.5.2 Predefined CMaps 9.7.5.3 Embedded CMap Files 9.7.5.4 CMap Example and Operator Summary 9.7.6 Type 0 Font Dictionaries 9.7.6.1 General 9.7.6.2 CMap Mapping 9.7.6.3 Handling Undefined Characters 9.8 Font Descriptors 9.8.1 General 9.8.2 Font Descriptor Flags 9.8.3 Font Descriptors for CIDFonts 9.8.3.1 General 9.8.3.2 Style 9.8.3.3 FD 9.9 Embedded Font Programs 9.10 Extraction of Text Content 9.10.1 General 9.10.2 Mapping Character Codes to Unicode Values 9.10.3 ToUnicode CMaps 10 Rendering 10.1 General 10.2 CIE-Based Colour to Device Colour 10.3 Conversions among Device Colour Spaces 10.3.1 General 10.3.2 Conversion between DeviceGray and DeviceRGB 10.3.3 Conversion between DeviceGray and DeviceCMYK 10.3.4 Conversion from DeviceRGB to DeviceCMYK 10.3.5 Conversion from DeviceCMYK to DeviceRGB 10.4 Transfer Functions 10.5 Halftones 10.5.1 General 10.5.2 Halftone Screens 10.5.3 Spot Functions 10.5.4 Threshold Arrays 10.5.5 Halftone Dictionaries 10.5.5.1 General 10.5.5.2 Type 1 Halftones 10.5.5.3 Type 6 Halftones 10.5.5.4 Type 10 Halftones 10.5.5.5 Type 16 Halftones 10.5.5.6 Type 5 Halftones 10.6 Scan Conversion Details 10.6.1 General 10.6.2 Flatness Tolerance 10.6.3 Smoothness Tolerance 10.6.4 Scan Conversion Rules 10.6.5 Automatic Stroke Adjustment 11 Transparency 11.1 General 11.2 Overview of Transparency 11.3 Basic Compositing Computations 11.3.1 General 11.3.2 Basic Notation for Compositing Computations 11.3.3 Basic Compositing Formula 11.3.4 Blending Colour Space 11.3.5 Blend Mode 11.3.6 Interpretation of Alpha 11.3.7 Shape and Opacity Computations 11.3.7.1 General 11.3.7.2 Source Shape and Opacity 11.3.7.3 Result Shape and Opacity 11.3.8 Summary of Basic Compositing Computations 11.4 Transparency Groups 11.4.1 General 11.4.2 Notation for Group Compositing Computations 11.4.3 Group Structure and Nomenclature 11.4.4 Group Compositing Computations 11.4.5 Isolated Groups 11.4.6 Knockout Groups 11.4.7 Page Group 11.4.8 Summary of Group Compositing Computations 11.5 Soft Masks 11.5.1 General 11.5.2 Deriving a Soft Mask from Group Alpha 11.5.3 Deriving a Soft Mask from Group Luminosity 11.6 Specifying Transparency in PDF 11.6.1 General 11.6.2 Specifying Source and Backdrop Colours 11.6.3 Specifying Blending Colour Space and Blend Mode 11.6.4 Specifying Shape and Opacity 11.6.4.1 General 11.6.4.2 Object Shape and Opacity 11.6.4.3 Mask Shape and Opacity 11.6.4.4 Constant Shape and Opacity 11.6.5 Specifying Soft Masks 11.6.5.1 General 11.6.5.2 Soft-Mask Dictionaries 11.6.5.3 Soft-Mask Images 11.6.6 Transparency Group XObjects 11.6.7 Patterns and Transparency 11.7 Colour Space and Rendering Issues 11.7.1 General 11.7.2 Colour Spaces for Transparency Groups 11.7.3 Spot Colours and Transparency 11.7.4 Overprinting and Transparency 11.7.4.1 General 11.7.4.2 Blend Modes and Overprinting 11.7.4.3 Compatibility with Opaque Overprinting 11.7.4.4 Special Path-Painting Considerations 11.7.4.5 Summary of Overprinting Behaviour 11.7.5 Rendering Parameters and Transparency 11.7.5.1 General 11.7.5.2 Halftone and Transfer Function 11.7.5.3 Rendering Intent and Colour Conversions 12 Interactive Features 12.1 General 12.2 Viewer Preferences 12.3 Document-Level Navigation 12.3.1 General 12.3.2 Destinations 12.3.2.1 General 12.3.2.2 Explicit Destinations 12.3.2.3 Named Destinations 12.3.3 Document Outline 12.3.4 Thumbnail Images 12.3.5 Collections 12.4 Page-Level Navigation 12.4.1 General 12.4.2 Page Labels 12.4.3 Articles 12.4.4 Presentations 12.4.4.1 General 12.4.4.2 Sub-page Navigation 12.5 Annotations 12.5.1 General 12.5.2 Annotation Dictionaries 12.5.3 Annotation Flags 12.5.4 Border Styles 12.5.5 Appearance Streams 12.5.6 Annotation Types 12.5.6.1 General 12.5.6.2 Markup Annotations 12.5.6.3 Annotation States 12.5.6.4 Text Annotations 12.5.6.5 Link Annotations 12.5.6.6 Free Text Annotations 12.5.6.7 Line Annotations 12.5.6.8 Square and Circle Annotations 12.5.6.9 Polygon and Polyline Annotations 12.5.6.10 Text Markup Annotations 12.5.6.11 Caret Annotations 12.5.6.12 Rubber Stamp Annotations 12.5.6.13 Ink Annotations 12.5.6.14 Pop-up Annotations 12.5.6.15 File Attachment Annotations 12.5.6.16 Sound Annotations 12.5.6.17 Movie Annotations 12.5.6.18 Screen Annotations 12.5.6.19 Widget Annotations 12.5.6.20 Printer’s Mark Annotations 12.5.6.21 Trap Network Annotations 12.5.6.22 Watermark Annotations 12.5.6.23 Redaction Annotations 12.6 Actions 12.6.1 General 12.6.2 Action Dictionaries 12.6.3 Trigger Events 12.6.4 Action Types 12.6.4.1 General 12.6.4.2 Go-To Actions 12.6.4.3 Remote Go-To Actions 12.6.4.4 Embedded Go-To Actions 12.6.4.5 Launch Actions 12.6.4.6 Thread Actions 12.6.4.7 URI Actions 12.6.4.8 Sound Actions 12.6.4.9 Movie Actions 12.6.4.10 Hide Actions 12.6.4.11 Named Actions 12.6.4.12 Set-OCG-State Actions 12.6.4.13 Rendition Actions 12.6.4.14 Transition Actions 12.6.4.15 Go-To-3D-View Actions 12.6.4.16 JavaScript Actions 12.7 Interactive Forms 12.7.1 General 12.7.2 Interactive Form Dictionary 12.7.3 Field Dictionaries 12.7.3.1 General 12.7.3.2 Field Names 12.7.3.3 Variable Text 12.7.3.4 Rich Text Strings 12.7.4 Field Types 12.7.4.1 General 12.7.4.2 Button Fields 12.7.4.2.1 General 12.7.4.2.2 Pushbuttons 12.7.4.2.3 Check Boxes 12.7.4.2.4 Radio Buttons 12.7.4.3 Text Fields 12.7.4.4 Choice Fields 12.7.4.5 Signature Fields 12.7.5 Form Actions 12.7.5.1 General 12.7.5.2 Submit-Form Action 12.7.5.3 Reset-Form Action 12.7.5.4 Import-Data Action 12.7.6 Named Pages 12.7.7 Forms Data Format 12.7.7.1 General 12.7.7.2 FDF File Structure 12.7.7.2.1 General 12.7.7.2.2 FDF Header 12.7.7.2.3 FDF Body 12.7.7.2.4 FDF Trailer 12.7.7.3 FDF Catalog 12.7.7.3.1 General 12.7.7.3.2 FDF Fields 12.7.7.3.3 FDF Pages 12.7.7.3.4 FDF Annotation Dictionaries 12.7.8 XFA Forms 12.8 Digital Signatures 12.8.1 General 12.8.2 Transform Methods 12.8.2.1 General 12.8.2.2 DocMDP 12.8.2.2.1 General 12.8.2.2.2 Validating Signatures That Use the DocMDP Transform Method 12.8.2.3 UR 12.8.2.4 FieldMDP 12.8.3 Signature Interoperability 12.8.3.1 General 12.8.3.2 PKCS#1 Signatures 12.8.3.3 PKCS#7 Signatures as used in ISO 32000 12.8.3.3.1 General 12.8.3.3.2 Revocation Information 12.8.4 Permissions 12.8.5 Legal Content Attestations 12.9 Measurement Properties 12.10 Document Requirements 12.10.1 General 12.10.2 Requirement Handlers 13 Multimedia Features 13.1 General 13.2 Multimedia 13.2.1 General 13.2.2 Viability 13.2.3 Renditions 13.2.3.1 General 13.2.3.2 Media Renditions 13.2.3.3 Selector Renditions 13.2.4 Media Clip Objects 13.2.4.1 General 13.2.4.2 Media Clip Data 13.2.4.3 Media Clip Section 13.2.5 Media Play Parameters 13.2.6 Media Screen Parameters 13.2.6.1 General 13.2.6.2 Media Offset Dictionary 13.2.6.3 Timespan Dictionary 13.2.7 Other Multimedia Objects 13.2.7.1 General 13.2.7.2 Media Players Dictionary 13.2.7.3 Media Player Info Dictionary 13.2.7.4 Software Identifier Dictionary 13.2.7.4.1 General 13.2.7.4.2 Software URIs 13.2.7.4.3 Version arrays 13.2.7.5 Monitor Specifier 13.3 Sounds 13.4 Movies 13.5 Alternate Presentations 13.6 3D Artwork 13.6.1 General 13.6.2 3D Annotations 13.6.3 3D Streams 13.6.3.1 General 13.6.3.2 3D Animation Style Dictionaries 13.6.3.3 3D Reference Dictionaries 13.6.4 3D Views 13.6.4.1 General 13.6.4.2 Projection Dictionaries 13.6.4.3 3D Background Dictionaries 13.6.4.4 3D Render Mode Dictionaries 13.6.4.5 3D Lighting Scheme Dictionaries 13.6.4.6 3D Cross Section Dictionaries 13.6.4.7 3D Node Dictionaries 13.6.5 Coordinate Systems for 3D 13.6.6 3D Markup 14 Document Interchange 14.1 General 14.2 Procedure Sets 14.3 Metadata 14.3.1 General 14.3.2 Metadata Streams 14.3.3 Document Information Dictionary 14.4 File Identifiers 14.5 Page-Piece Dictionaries 14.6 Marked Content 14.6.1 General 14.6.2 Property Lists 14.6.3 Marked Content and Clipping 14.7 Logical Structure 14.7.1 General 14.7.2 Structure Hierarchy 14.7.3 Structure Types 14.7.4 Structure Content 14.7.4.1 General 14.7.4.2 Marked-Content Sequences as Content Items 14.7.4.3 PDF Objects as Content Items 14.7.4.4 Finding Structure Elements from Content Items 14.7.5 Structure Attributes 14.7.5.1 General 14.7.5.2 Attribute Classes 14.7.5.3 Attribute Revision Numbers 14.7.5.4 User Properties 14.7.6 Example of Logical Structure 14.8 Tagged PDF 14.8.1 General 14.8.2 Tagged PDF and Page Content 14.8.2.1 General 14.8.2.2 Real Content and Artifacts 14.8.2.2.1 General 14.8.2.2.2 Specification of Artifacts 14.8.2.2.3 Incidental Artifacts 14.8.2.3 Page Content Order 14.8.2.3.1 General 14.8.2.3.2 Sequencing of Annotations 14.8.2.3.3 Reverse-Order Show Strings 14.8.2.4 Extraction of Character Properties 14.8.2.4.1 General 14.8.2.4.2 Unicode Mapping in Tagged PDF 14.8.2.4.3 Font Characteristics 14.8.2.5 Identifying Word Breaks 14.8.3 Basic Layout Model 14.8.4 Standard Structure Types 14.8.4.1 General 14.8.4.2 Grouping Elements 14.8.4.3 Block-Level Structure Elements 14.8.4.3.1 General 14.8.4.3.2 Paragraphlike Elements 14.8.4.3.3 List Elements 14.8.4.3.4 Table Elements 14.8.4.3.5 Usage Guidelines for Block-Level Structure 14.8.4.4 Inline-Level Structure Elements 14.8.4.4.1 General 14.8.4.4.2 Link Elements 14.8.4.4.3 Annotation Elements 14.8.4.4.4 Ruby and Warichu Elements 14.8.4.5 Illustration Elements 14.8.5 Standard Structure Attributes 14.8.5.1 General 14.8.5.2 Standard Attribute Owners 14.8.5.3 Attribute Values and Inheritance 14.8.5.4 Layout Attributes 14.8.5.4.1 General 14.8.5.4.2 General Layout Attributes 14.8.5.4.3 Layout Attributes for BLSEs 14.8.5.4.4 Layout Attributes for ILSEs 14.8.5.4.5 Content and Allocation Rectangles 14.8.5.4.6 Illustration Attributes 14.8.5.4.7 Column Attributes 14.8.5.5 List Attribute 14.8.5.6 PrintField Attributes 14.8.5.7 Table Attributes 14.9 Accessibility Support 14.9.1 General 14.9.2 Natural Language Specification 14.9.2.1 General 14.9.2.2 Language Identifiers 14.9.2.3 Language Specification Hierarchy 14.9.2.4 Multi-language Text Arrays 14.9.3 Alternate Descriptions 14.9.4 Replacement Text 14.9.5 Expansion of Abbreviations and Acronyms 14.10 Web Capture 14.10.1 General 14.10.2 Web Capture Information Dictionary 14.10.3 Content Database 14.10.3.1 General 14.10.3.2 URL Strings 14.10.3.3 Digital Identifiers 14.10.3.4 Unique Name Generation 14.10.4 Content Sets 14.10.4.1 General 14.10.4.2 Page Sets 14.10.4.3 Image Sets 14.10.5 Source Information 14.10.5.1 General 14.10.5.2 URL Alias Dictionaries 14.10.5.3 Command Dictionaries 14.10.5.4 Command Settings 14.10.6 Object Attributes Related to Web Capture 14.11 Prepress Support 14.11.1 General 14.11.2 Page Boundaries 14.11.2.1 General 14.11.2.2 Display of Page Boundaries 14.11.3 Printer’s Marks 14.11.4 Separation Dictionaries 14.11.5 Output Intents 14.11.6 Trapping Support 14.11.6.1 General 14.11.6.2 Trap Network Annotations 14.11.6.3 Trap Network Appearances 14.11.7 Open Prepress Interface (OPI) Annex A (informative) Operator Summary A.1 General A.2 PDF Content Stream Operators Annex B (normative) Operators in Type 4 Functions B.1 General B.2 Arithmetic Operators B.3 Relational, Boolean, and Bitwise Operators B.4 Conditional Operators B.5 Stack Operators Annex C (normative) Implementation Limits C.1 General C.2 Architectural limits C.3 Memory limits Annex D (normative) Character Sets and Encodings D.1 General D.2 Latin Character Set and Encodings D.3 PDFDocEncoding Character Set D.4 Expert Set and MacExpertEncoding D.5 Symbol Set and Encoding D.6 ZapfDingbats Set and Encoding Annex E (normative) PDF Name Registry E.1 General E.2 Name Registry Annex F (normative) Linearized PDF F.1 General F.2 Background and Assumptions F.3 Linearized PDF Document Structure F.3.1 General F.3.2 Header (Part 1) F.3.3 Linearization Parameter Dictionary (Part 2) F.3.4 First-Page Cross-Reference Table and Trailer (Part 3) F.3.5 Document Catalogue and Document-Level Objects (Part 4) F.3.6 Hint Streams (Parts 5 and 10) F.3.7 First-Page Section (Part 6) F.3.8 Remaining Pages (Part 7) F.3.9 Shared Objects (Part 8) F.3.10 Other Objects (Part 9) F.3.11 Main Cross-Reference and Trailer (Part 11) F.4 Hint Tables F.4.1 Page Offset Hint Table F.4.2 Shared Object Hint Table F.4.3 Thumbnail Hint Table F.4.4 Generic Hint Tables F.4.5 Extended Generic Hint Tables F.4.6 Embedded File Stream Hint Tables Annex G (informative) Linearized PDF Access Strategies G.1 General G.2 Opening at the First Page G.3 Opening at an Arbitrary Page G.4 Going to Another Page of an Open Document G.5 Drawing a Page Incrementally G.6 Following an Article Thread G.7 Accessing an Updated File Annex H (informative) Example PDF Files H.1 General H.2 Minimal PDF File H.3 Simple Text String Example H.4 Simple Graphics Example H.5 Page Tree Example H.6 Outline Hierarchy Example H.7 Updating Example H.7.1 Stage 1: Add Four Text Annotations H.7.2 Stage 2: Modify Text of One Annotation H.7.3 Stage 3: Delete Two Annotations H.7.4 Stage 4: Add Three Annotations H.8 Structured Elements That Describe Hierarchical Lists H.8.1 Table of Contents H.8.2 Nested Lists Annex I (normative) PDF Versions and Compatibility I.1 General I.2 PDF Version Numbers I.3 Feature Compatibility Annex J (informative) FDF Rename Flag Implementation Example J.1 General J.2 Implementation Example Annex K (informative) PostScript Compatibility — Transparent Imaging Model K.1 General K.2 Conversion Annex L (informative) Colour Plates L.1 Colour Plates Bibliography [1] ISO 15930-1:2001, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Use of PDF — Part 1: Complete exchange using CMYK data (PDF/X-1 and PDF/X-1a). [2] ISO 15930-3:2002, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange — Use of PDF — Part 3: Complete exchange suitable for colour-managed workflows (PDF/X-3). [3] ISO 15930-4:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 4: Complete exchange of CMYK and spot colour printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-1a). [4] ISO 15930-5:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 5: Partial exchange of printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-2). [5] ISO 15930-6:2003, Graphic technology — Prepress digital data exchange using PDF — Part 6: Complete exchange of printing data suitable for colour-managed workflows using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-3). [6] ISO 19005-1:2005, Document management — Electronic document file format for long-term preservation -- Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1) . [7] ISO 24517-1:2007, Document management — Engineering document format using PDF — Part 1: Use of PDF 1.6 (PDF/E-1). [8] PDF Reference, First Edition, version 1.0 (June 1993), Addison-Wesley, 0-201-62628-4. [9] PDF Reference, First Edition Revised, version 1.1 (March 1996), Adobe Systems Incorporated. [10] PDF Reference, First Edition Revised, version 1.2 (November 1996), Adobe Systems Incorporated. [11] PDF Reference, Second Edition, version 1.3 (July 2000), Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-201-61588-6. [12] PDF Reference, Third Edition, version 1.4 (November 2001), Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-201-75839-3. [13] PDF Reference, Fourth Edition, version 1.5 (August 2003), Adobe Systems Incorporated (website only). [14] PDF Reference, Fifth Edition, version 1.6 (December 2004), Adobe Press, ISBN 0-321-30474-8. [15] PostScript Language Reference, Third Edition, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1999. [16] Technical Note #5001, PostScript Language Document Structuring Conventions Specification, Version 3.0, Adobe Systems Incorporated. [17] Technical Note #5044, Color Separation Conventions for PostScript Language Programs, Adobe Systems Incorporated. [18] Aho, A. V., Hopcroft, J. E., and Ullman, J. D., Data Structures and Algorithms, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1983. Includes a discussion of balanced trees. [19] Apple Computer, Inc., TrueType Reference Manual. Available on Apple’s Web site at . [20] Arvo, J. (ed.), Graphics Gems II, Academic Press, 1994. The section “Geometrically Continuous Cubic Bézier Curves” by Hans-Peter Seidel describes the mathematics used to smoothly join two cubic Bézier curves. [21] Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) Specification, . [22] CIP4. See International Cooperation for the Integration of Processes in Prepress, Press and Postpress. [23] Ecma International, Standard ECMA-363, Universal 3D File Format, 1st Edition. This document is available at . [24] Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) 1.0, . [25] Fairchild, M. D., Color Appearance Models, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1997. Covers color vision, basic colorimetry, color appearance models, cross-media color reproduction, and the current CIE standards activities. Updates, software, and color... [26] Foley, J. D. et al., Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1996. (First edition was Foley, J. D. and van Dam, A., Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1982.) Covers many g... [27] Glassner, A. S. (ed.), Graphics Gems, Academic Press, 1993. The section “An Algorithm for Automatically Fitting Digitized Curves” by Philip J. Schneider describes an algorithm for determining the set of Bézier curves approximating an arbitr... [28] Hewlett-Packard Corporation, PANOSE Classification Metrics Guide. Available on the Agfa Monotype Web site at . [29] HTML 4.01 Specification, . [30] Hunt, R. W. G., The Reproduction of Colour, 5th ed., Fisher Books, England, 1996. A comprehensive general reference on color reproduction; includes an introduction to the CIE system. [31] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754-1985). [32] International Cooperation for the Integration of Processes in Prepress, Press and Postpress (CIP4), JDF Specification, Version 1.2. Available through the CIP4 Web site at . [33] Kirk, D. (ed.), Graphics Gems III, Academic Press, 1994. The section “Interpolation Using Bézier Curves” by Gershon Elber contains an algorithm for calculating a Bézier curve that passes through a user-specified set of points. The algorith... [34] Lunde, K., CJKV Information Processing, O’Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA, 1999. Excellent background material on CMaps, character sets, encodings, and the like. [35] Microsoft Corporation, TrueType 1.0 Font Files Technical Specification. Available at . [36] Porter, T. and Duff, T., “Compositing Digital Images,” Computer Graphics, Vol. 18 No. 3, July 1984. Computer Graphics is the newsletter of the ACM’s special interest group SIGGRAPH; for more information, see . [37] RSA Security, Inc. This document, among others related to encryption and digital signatures, is available at : PKCS #1 - RSA Cryptography Standard . [38] Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.0 Specification, . [39] Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.0), . [40] Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, . [41] XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language, . The official guide to the Portable Document Format!

This revised and expanded book from Adobe Systems describes the Portable Document Format (PDF), the native file format of the Adobe® Acrobat® family of products. These products enable users to exchange and view electronic documents easily and reliably, independently of the environment in which they were created. PDF builds on the PostScript® page description language, layering a document structure and interactive navigation features on PostScript's underlying imaging model. Aided by the explosive growth of the Internet, and with well over 100 million copies of the Acrobat Reader application distributed around the world, PDF has become the de facto standard for electronic document exchange.

Since the PDF specification was published in 1993, updates have been available from Adobe via the Web. However, this book is the first publication of the specification that is completely self-contained, including the precise documentation of the imaging model from PostScript along with all the PDF-specific features combined in version 1.3 of the PDF standard. This comprehensive specification has been extensively reorganized and revised to ensure that it is complete and accurate.

Book Highlights:

• Explains the overall architecture of PDF and the imaging model it shares with the PostScript language
• Presents the PDF syntax at the object, file, and document level
• Includes coverage of graphics operators, fonts, rendering, interactive features, and document exchange
• Lists all the operators used in describing the visual content of a PDFdocument
  
  

This authoritative and up-to-date book is an indispensable resource for application developers building PDF generator applications that create PDF files directly. It is also the best source for information needed to write PDF consumer applications, which read existing PDF files and interpret or modify their contents.

The enclosed CD-ROM contains the entire text of this book in PDF.

-- Practical recommendations for application developers who want to generate efficient PDF files.-- New PDF 1.4 features: Tagged PDF, Referenced PDF, PDF Metadata Architecture, forms enhancements, JBIG2 support, and more. -- Example files, predefined font encodings, PDF page-marking operators, and other essential information. Adobe Acrobat PDF is the #1 solution for cross-platform exchange of formatted files -- and with Acrobat 5.0/PDF 1.4 PDF becomes even more powerful. Reflecting Adobe's latest enhancements, The PDF Reference, Third Edition Version 1.4 is the definitive technical guide to PDF 1.4. Adobe engineers introduce every key aspect of the PDF format, including the relationship of PDF to PostScript; the Adobe imaging model; file compression; font handling; and PDF architecture. The book covers all four components of a PDF file: objects, file structure, document structure, and page description, and contains practical recommendations for optimizing PDF files. It also introduces Tagged PDF, which allows reliable recovery of text, graphics, and images in PDF documents, supports reliable search and indexing, and enables conversion to RTF, HTML, or even speech. Other key topics include: advanced JBIG2 image compression support; improvements to bookmarking and annotations; new trigger events; forms enhancements; new metadata architecture; and Referenced PDF, which allows PDF documents to reference each others' content. This book is essential for any developer writing programs that read or generate PDF files, and for any support professional or advanced user working with PDF in business, prepress, graphic design, workflow, or other environments. The CD contains the entire textof the book in PDF. Comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date, PDF Reference, Fifth Edition is an essential resource for all developers writing programs that read or generate PDF files, and for any professional working with PDF in business, prepress, graphic design, or other applications.This book details the most current specification of the Portable Document Format (PDF), the de facto standard for electronic information exchange. PDF enables documents created on any platform or with any application to be reliably viewed and printed anywhere. More than 500 million copies of the PDF-based Adobe Reader software have been distributed around the world.Updated and expanded specifically to document the new features of PDF 1.6-as incorporated into the Acrobat 7.0 family, Adobe Reader, and Adobe's publishing products-the book introduces and explains all key aspects of the PDF format, including the Adobe imaging model and the relationship of PDF to the PostScript page description language and PDF architecture, syntax, graphics operators, fonts, and rendering. In addition, the book looks in depth at PDF's sophisticated interactive and document interchange features. Adobe Systems Incorporated, founded in 1982, helps people and businesses communicate better through its world-leading digital imaging, design, and document technology platforms for consumers, creative professionals, and enterprises. The FDA requires that drug approvals be submitted in this format, and U.S. federal courts request that it be used for electronic case filing. We're talking, of course, about PDF (or Portable Document Format), and with more than 600 million copies of its reader (Adobe Acrobat) downloaded, and governments and enterprises around the world using it to streamline document management, chances are you'll be called to develop for it as well. This comprehensive reference makes sure you're ready! Containing all of the info from previous editions, plus new material on what's been added to PDF Version 1.5, this essential guide makes a highly technical subject accessible and intelligible. You'll find complete coverage of all major aspects of the formatimaging model, architecture, syntax, graphics, operators, fonts, and rendering--as well as highly readable explanations of its interactive and multimedia features, transparency capabilities, intellectual property issues, and more. The first and last word on the most current PDF spec from the people who know it Adobe! This book/CD-ROM package describes the Portable Document Format (PDF), the native file format of the Adobe Acrobat family of products. It is the first publication of the specification that is completely self- contained, including precise documentation of the imaging model from PostScript along with all of the PDF-specific features combined in version 1.3 of the PDF standard. Explains the architecture of PDF, presents the PDF syntax at the object, file, and document level, and covers graphics operators, fonts, and interactive features. The CD-ROM contains the text of the book in PDF. For application developers. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) PDF is the native file format for Adobe Systems' new technology, the Adobe Acrobat family of products. Its purpose is to allow representation of documents in a manner that is independent of the original application software, hardware, and operating system used to create those documents. Coverage here is detailed and comprehensive, describing syntax and structure, objects, and page description operators, as well as optimization techniques. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.