فناوری رادیو شناختی

This book gives a thorough knowledge of cognitive radio concepts, principles, standards, spectrum policy issues and product implementation details. In addition to 16 chapters covering all the basics of cognitive radio, this new edition has eight brand-new chapters covering cognitive radio in multiple antenna systems, policy language and policy engine, spectrum sensing, rendezvous techniques, spectrum consumption models, protocols for adaptation, cognitive networking, and information on the latest standards, making it an indispensable resource for the RF and wireless engineer. Foreword and a chapter contribution by Joe Mitola, the creator of the field Discussion of cognitive aids to the user, spectrum owner, and network operator Explanation of capabilities such as time - position awareness, speech and language awareness, multi-objective radio and network optimization, and supporting database infrastructure Detailed information on product implementation to aid product developers Thorough descriptions of each cognitive radio component technology provided by leaders of their respective fields, and the latest in high performance analysis - implementation techniques Explanations of the complex architecture and terminology of the current standards activities Discussions of market opportunities created by cognitive radio technology The new edition of this cutting edge reference, which gives a thorough knowledge of principles, implementation details, standards, policy issues in one volume, enables the RF and wireless engineer to master and apply today's cognitive radio technologies. Bruce Fette , PhD, is Chief Scientist in the Communications Networking Division of General Dynamics C4 Systems in Scottsdale, AZ. HeВ worked with the Software Defined Radio (SDR) Forum from its inception, currently performing the role of Technical Chair, and is a panelist for the IEEE Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing Industrial Technology Track. He currently heads the General Dynamics Signal Processing Center of Excellence in the Communication Networks Division. Dr. Fette has 36 patents and has been awarded the ''Distinguished Innovator Award''. * Foreword and a chapter contribution by Joe Mitola, the creator of the field * Discussion of cognitive aids to the user, spectrum owner, network operator * Explanation of capabilities such as time - position awareness, speech and language awareness, multi-objective radio and network optimization, and supporting database infrastructure * Detailed information on product implementation to aid product developers * Thorough descriptions of each cognitive radio component technology provided by leaders of their respective fields, and the latest in high performance analysis - implementation techniques * Explanations of the complex architecture and terminology of the current standards activities * Discussions of market opportunities created by cognitive radio technology Cover Page ......Page 1 Copyright Page ......Page 2 Preface......Page 3 Acknowledgments......Page 7 History and Background Leading to Cognitive Radio......Page 11 A Brief History of Software Defined Radio......Page 13 Basic SDR......Page 16 Hardware Architecture of an SDR......Page 17 Computational Processing Resources in an SDR......Page 20 Software Architecture of an SDR......Page 22 Cognitive Radio......Page 23 Java Reflection in a Cognitive Radio......Page 24 Smart Antennas in a Cognitive Radio......Page 25 Spectrum Management......Page 26 Managing Unlicensed Spectrum......Page 27 Noise Aggregation......Page 28 Priority Access......Page 30 DARPA......Page 31 How Smart Is Useful?......Page 32 Organization of This Book......Page 33 References......Page 36 Introduction......Page 37 Cognitive Radio Technology Enablers......Page 38 New Opportunities in Spectrum Access......Page 40 Current Spectrum Access Techniques......Page 41 Opportunistic Spectrum Access......Page 46 Policy Challenges for Cognitive Radios......Page 49 Dynamic Spectrum Access......Page 50 Defining the Rules for Dynamic Spectrum Access......Page 51 Security......Page 52 Monitoring Mechanisms......Page 53 Cognitive Radio Impact on Communications Policy......Page 54 Federal Communications Commission Formation......Page 55 US Telecommunications Policy: Keeping Pace with Technology......Page 56 Fixed Transmitter, Mobile Receiver(s)......Page 58 Mobile Transmitter, Fixed Receiver(s)......Page 59 Introduction of Dynamic Policies......Page 60 Introduction of Policy-Enabled Devices......Page 62 Interference Avoidance......Page 63 Global Policy Interest in Cognitive Radios......Page 64 Global Interest......Page 65 Government Accountability Office......Page 67 National Telecommunications and Information Administration......Page 68 Federal Communications Commission......Page 69 Center for Strategic and International Studies......Page 70 Summary......Page 71 References......Page 73 Introduction......Page 75 RF Externals......Page 77 Analog-to-Digital Converters......Page 79 Medium Access Control......Page 80 User Application......Page 81 Design Choices......Page 82 General-Purpose Processors......Page 83 Digital Signal Processors......Page 84 Field-Programmable Gate Arrays......Page 85 Baseband Processing Deployment......Page 86 Multicore Systems and System-on-Chip......Page 88 Linear Programming......Page 89 Component-Based Programming......Page 90 Design Patterns......Page 91 Software Communications Architecture......Page 92 Base Components......Page 94 PropertySet......Page 95 ResourceFactory......Page 96 Hardware Control......Page 97 ApplicationFactory......Page 99 System Control......Page 100 Application Programming Interface......Page 103 Application Software......Page 104 Java......Page 105 Python......Page 106 Component Development......Page 107 Waveform Development......Page 108 Cognitive Waveform Development......Page 109 Summary......Page 112 References......Page 113 Radio Flexibility and Capability......Page 114 Continuum of Radio Flexibility and Capability......Page 115 Examples of Software-Defined Radios......Page 116 Aware, Adaptive, and Cognitive Radios......Page 120 Adaptive Radios......Page 121 Cognitive Radios......Page 122 Comparison of Radio Capabilities and Properties......Page 123 Spectrum Awareness/Frequency Occupancy......Page 124 Time......Page 125 Spatial Awareness or Situational Awareness......Page 126 Policy Engines......Page 127 Artificial Intelligence Techniques......Page 128 Networking Protocols......Page 130 Spectrum Awareness and Potential for Sublease or Borrow......Page 131 Funding and Research in Cognitive Radios......Page 132 Cognitive Geolocation Applications......Page 133 Dynamic Spectrum Access and Spectrum Awareness......Page 135 Infrastructure-Aided Rendezvous......Page 140 Cognitive Radio Authentication Applications......Page 141 Timeline for Cognitive Radios......Page 142 Manufacture of New Products......Page 143 PHY, MAC, and Network Layers......Page 144 Reasoners......Page 145 Hardware and Demonstrations......Page 146 Summary......Page 147 Exercises......Page 148 References......Page 149 Dynamic Spectrum Awareness and Access Objectives......Page 151 Prior Work in Spectrum Awareness and Access......Page 152 Some End-to-End DSA Example Implementations......Page 154 Spectrum Environment Characterization Summary......Page 155 Signal Bandwidth Spectrum Environment Characterization......Page 157 Front-End Energy Distributions and the Importance of Front-End Nonlinearity......Page 160 Front-End Linearity Management......Page 169 Representative Front-End Linearity of Experimental Collections......Page 171 Front-End Linearity Management Algorithms and Methods......Page 176 Front-End Linearity Management Benefits......Page 180 Dynamic Spectrum Access Objectives......Page 184 Interference-Intolerant Operation......Page 187 Interference-Tolerant DSA Operation......Page 192 Spectral Footprint Management Objectives......Page 194 Implications on Network-Level Decision Making......Page 196 DSA-Enabled Dynamic Bandwidth Topology......Page 197 DSA-Enabled Dynamic Topology and Network Organization......Page 198 Exercises......Page 199 References......Page 200 Background and Definitions......Page 203 Management of Spectrum Policy......Page 205 System Requirements for Spectrum Policy Management......Page 206 DARPA Policy Management Projects......Page 207 Academic Research in Policy Management......Page 208 Commercial Applications of Policy Management......Page 210 Standardization Efforts for Policy Management......Page 211 Concept for Policy Engine Operations......Page 213 Technical Approaches for Policy Management......Page 215 Enabling Technologies......Page 217 Integration of Policy Engines into Cognitive Radio......Page 218 Software Communications Architecture Integration......Page 219 Policy Engine Design......Page 221 Integration of the Radio into a Network Policy Management Architecture......Page 223 The Future of Cognitive Policy Management......Page 224 Military Opportunities for Cognitive Policy Management......Page 225 Obstacles to Adoption of Policy Management Architectures......Page 226 Summary......Page 227 References......Page 228 Introduction......Page 231 Optimizing Physical and Link Layers for Multiple Objectives under Current Channel Conditions......Page 232 Defining the Cognitive Radio......Page 233 Developing Radio Controls (Knobs) and Performance Measures (Meters)......Page 234 Knobs......Page 235 Meters......Page 236 Modeling Outcome as a Primary Objective......Page 238 erfc Approximation Eq. (7.2) Compared to Analytical Formula Eq. (7.3)......Page 239 Multiobjective Decision-Making Theory and Its Application to Cognitive Radio......Page 240 The Pareto-Optimal Front: Finding the Nondominated Solutions......Page 241 Why the Radio Environment Is a MODM Problem......Page 242 Genetic Algorithm Approach to the MODM......Page 243 Knapsack Example......Page 244 Step 2a. Choose......Page 245 Step 2c. Mutate......Page 246 Step 3. Results: Choose Best Chromosomes......Page 247 Cognition Loop......Page 248 Modeling......Page 249 Action......Page 250 Case-Based Decision Theory......Page 251 Representing Radio Parameters as Genes in a Chromosome......Page 252 Multidimensional Analysis of the Chromosomes......Page 254 Objective Function Definition......Page 255 Relative Pooling Tournament Evaluation......Page 256 Example of the WSGA......Page 257 Population Initialization......Page 260 Priming the GA with Previously Observed Solutions......Page 261 The Theory......Page 262 The Implementation......Page 263 Adjusting Parameters Autonomously to Achieve Goals......Page 264 Rewards and Punishments Can Be Inflicted by Algorithms......Page 265 Sensing and Environmental Awareness......Page 266 Environmental Awareness......Page 267 Summary......Page 268 References......Page 270 Introduction......Page 273 Satellite System Architecture......Page 274 GPS Satellite Signals......Page 275 Signal Processing of GPS Signals......Page 276 Coordinate System Transformations......Page 277 Spatially Variant Network Service Availability......Page 278 Additional Geolocation Approaches......Page 280 Round-Trip Timing and Distance Measuring Equipment......Page 281 Fitting a TDoA Curve with Two Receivers......Page 282 Transforming to a Common Coordinate System......Page 285 Timing Estimates......Page 286 Geometry of AOA Approach......Page 287 Received Signal Strength Approach......Page 288 Border Database Representation Analysis......Page 289 Method A......Page 290 Anomalies......Page 291 Policy Servers and Regions......Page 292 Example of Cellular Phone 911 Geolocation for First Responders......Page 293 Interface to Networking Functions......Page 294 Summary......Page 295 References......Page 296 Applications and Their Requirements......Page 297 Layering and Information Hiding......Page 298 Network Awareness: Protocols......Page 299 Dynamic Protocol Composition......Page 300 Feature Interaction in Dynamic Protocol Composition......Page 301 Cognitive Control......Page 302 Situation-Aware Protocols in Edge Network Technologies......Page 303 Network Awareness: Node Capabilities and Cooperation......Page 305 A Distributed System of Radios—The Radio Team......Page 306 Maintaining a Collaborative Channel......Page 307 Network Awareness: Node Location and Cognition for Self-Placement......Page 308 Exercises......Page 310 References......Page 311 Introduction......Page 313 Enrollment and Verification......Page 314 User Authentication......Page 318 Security Architecture with Biometric Processing......Page 320 Applications......Page 321 Language Identification......Page 322 Text-to-Speech Conversion......Page 323 Machine Translation......Page 324 Background Noise Suppression......Page 325 Speech Coding......Page 326 Noise Characterization......Page 327 Concierge Services......Page 328 References......Page 330 Introduction......Page 333 Internal and External Network Support......Page 334 Introduction to the REM......Page 335 The Role of the REM in Cognition Cycle......Page 337 Awareness: Prerequisite for Cognitive Radios......Page 338 Classification of Awareness......Page 340 Obtaining SA with REM: A Top-Down, Cost-Efficient Approach......Page 341 Architecture of REM-Enabled Cognitive Engines......Page 345 Classifications of REM......Page 346 REM Database Implementation Options......Page 347 Enabling Techniques for Implementing REM......Page 349 Supporting Elements for Exploiting REM......Page 352 Learning, Reasoning, and Decision Mechanisms......Page 353 Memory Management......Page 354 APIs between REM and Cognitive Engine......Page 356 REM Dissemination Schemes......Page 357 REM Dissemination Overhead Analysis......Page 358 Infrastructure-Based Network and Centralized Global REM......Page 360 Overview of Potential Applications of REM in 802.22 WRANs......Page 363 Motivations for Applying REM-CKL to Cognitive WRANs......Page 364 How REM-CKL Works......Page 365 Applying REM to Ad Hoc Spectrum-Sharing Networks......Page 366 Summary and Open Issues......Page 371 References......Page 372 Introduction......Page 375 Knowledge Representation and Reasoning......Page 379 Symbolic Representation......Page 381 Ontologies and Frame Systems......Page 383 Behavioral Representation......Page 384 Case-Based Reasoning......Page 385 Rule-Based Systems......Page 386 Knowledge Representation Summary......Page 389 Machine Learning......Page 390 Memorization......Page 391 Classifiers......Page 392 Bayesian Logic......Page 393 Decision Trees......Page 394 Reinforcement-Based Learning......Page 395 Temporal Difference......Page 397 Neural Networks......Page 398 Genetic Algorithms......Page 400 Computational Requirements......Page 401 Predictable Behavior......Page 402 Summary......Page 403 Exercises......Page 405 References......Page 406 Knowledge-Intense Characteristics of Cognitive Radios......Page 408 Knowledge of Constraints and Requirements......Page 409 Information Collection and Fusion......Page 410 Query by User, Self, or Other Radio......Page 411 Dynamic Interoperability at Any Stack Layer......Page 412 Ontologies and Their Roles in Cognitive Radio......Page 413 Ontology Languages......Page 414 Querying......Page 416 Reasoning......Page 417 Role of Ontology in Knowledge-Intensive Applications......Page 418 Physical Layer Ontology......Page 419 Data Link Layer Ontology......Page 420 Responding to Delays and Errors......Page 425 Example: Adaptation of Training Sequence Length......Page 427 Data Link Layer Protocol Consistency and Selection......Page 429 Ontology Mapping......Page 430 Efficiency of Reasoning......Page 432 Exercises......Page 433 References......Page 434 Use Case Evolution......Page 436 Organization of the Chapter......Page 437 SDR Components......Page 438 CR Node Functional Components......Page 440 The Ontological ......Page 441 Design Rules Include Functional Component Interfaces......Page 442 Near-Term Implementations......Page 446 Radio Knowledge in the Architecture......Page 447 Cross-Domain Grounding for Flexible Information Services......Page 449 Self-Referential Inconsistency......Page 451 Flexible Functions of the Component Architecture......Page 453 Cognition Cycle......Page 455 Observe (Sense and Perceive)......Page 456 Binding......Page 457 Internally Oriented Actions......Page 458 Self-Monitoring......Page 459 CRA-III: The Inference Hierarchy......Page 460 Atomic Stimuli......Page 461 Basic Sequences......Page 462 NL in the CRA Inference Hierarchy......Page 463 Observe–Orient Links for Scene Interpretation......Page 464 Observe-Oriented Links for Radio Skill Sets......Page 466 General World Knowledge......Page 467 CRA-IV: Architecture Maps......Page 468 CRA Topological Maps......Page 469 CRA-Reinforced Hierarchical Sequences......Page 470 Sleeping and Dreaming Behaviors......Page 471 From Maps to APIs......Page 472 Industrial-Strength Inference Hierarchy......Page 473 Review of SWR and SDR Principles......Page 474 Radio Architecture......Page 477 The SCA......Page 478 Functions–Transforms Model of Radio......Page 481 Cognitive Electronics......Page 482 When Should a Radio Transition Toward Cognition?......Page 483 Radio Evolution Toward the CRA......Page 484 Industrial-Strength CR Design Rules......Page 485 Summary and Future Directions......Page 487 Exercises......Page 488 References......Page 489 Introduction......Page 490 A Formal Model of a CR Network......Page 492 Analysis Objectives......Page 495 Establishing Expected Behavior......Page 496 Network Stability......Page 497 A Dynamical Systems Approach......Page 498 Fixed Points and Solutions to CR Networks......Page 499 Establishing Optimality......Page 500 Convergence and Stability......Page 501 Lyapunov’s Direct Method for Discrete Time Systems......Page 502 Analysis Insights......Page 503 Standard Interference Function Model......Page 504 Markov Model Analysis Insights......Page 506 Absorbing Markov Chains......Page 507 Absorbing Markov Chains Analysis Insights......Page 508 Applying Game Theory to the Analysis Problem......Page 509 Utility Functions......Page 510 Normal Form Game Model......Page 511 Steady States......Page 513 NE Existence......Page 514 Desirability......Page 515 Convergence......Page 516 Potential Games......Page 518 Exact Potential Games......Page 519 Ordinal Potential Games......Page 521 Convergence......Page 522 Designing Potential Game Networks......Page 523 Supermodular Games......Page 527 Fixed Points in Supermodular Games......Page 528 Random Sampling......Page 529 Stability......Page 530 Analysis......Page 531 Validation......Page 532 The Value of Game Theory to CR Networks......Page 533 Simplified Compatibility Analysis......Page 534 Summary......Page 536 Exercises......Page 537 References......Page 538 Introduction......Page 541 Beamforming System......Page 542 Transmit Diversity System......Page 543 Spatial Multiplexing......Page 544 Criteria Used for Equivalent Data Modulation......Page 545 Criteria Used for Equivalent Frequency Efficiency......Page 546 Cognitive Capability in an MA System......Page 547 Structure of the CR in an MA System......Page 549 Primary User Present in the Current Channel......Page 550 Radio Environment Observation......Page 551 Spectrum-Sensing Method......Page 552 DOA Estimation......Page 553 Antenna Correlation Measurement......Page 554 Eigenvalue-Based Detection Method Using Multiple Antennas......Page 555 Environmental Parameters......Page 556 Transmission Control Parameters......Page 557 PU present in the same channel......Page 558 Application to Next-Generation Wireless Communications......Page 559 Summary......Page 561 References......Page 562 Introduction......Page 563 Opportunistic Spectrum Access Using Policies......Page 564 Benefits of a Policy-Based Approach......Page 565 neXt-Generation Spectrum Policy Architecture......Page 567 Declarative Policy Language......Page 569 Logic Programming Rules......Page 570 Returning Constraints for Underspecified Requests......Page 571 Stateless Policy Engine......Page 572 SRI Spectrum Policy Language......Page 573 Ontologies......Page 574 A Note on Notation......Page 576 Policy Examples......Page 577 Requests and Replies......Page 578 SRI Policy Engine......Page 579 Reasoning with Constraints......Page 580 Implementation in Maude......Page 581 Advantages of Using Maude......Page 583 Encoding Policies in Maude......Page 584 Components......Page 586 SRI Policy Tool......Page 588 Experimental Results......Page 593 Operations......Page 594 Disallowing Policies......Page 595 Summary......Page 596 References......Page 597 Introduction......Page 599 Spectrum-Sensing Considerations......Page 600 The Hidden-Node Problem......Page 601 General Spectrum Sensing......Page 602 Constrained Spectrum Sensing......Page 604 Spectrum-Sensing Solutions......Page 605 Energy Detection......Page 606 Cycle Detection......Page 607 Archetypal Example......Page 608 The Statistical Nature of Communication Signals......Page 610 Stationary and Nonstationary Signals......Page 611 The Cyclic Autocorrelation Function......Page 612 Extensions for Complex-Valued Signals......Page 613 Noise and Interference Tolerance......Page 614 Near-Universal Applicability......Page 615 The Frequency Smoothing Method......Page 617 The Strip Spectral-Correlation Analyzer......Page 618 Cycle-Frequency Detection......Page 619 Joint Cycle-Frequency Detection......Page 620 Energy Detection......Page 621 General Approach to Sensing Algorithm Development......Page 622 ATSC DTV......Page 623 The Cellular TDMA Family of Signals......Page 626 The GSM Family of Signals......Page 628 802.11b DSSS......Page 630 802.11b CCK......Page 633 Summary......Page 635 Exercises......Page 636 References......Page 638 Introduction......Page 641 The Use of Control Channels......Page 643 Blind Rendezvous......Page 644 Random Rendezvous......Page 645 Sequence-Based Rendezvous......Page 646 Link Maintenance and the Effect of Primary Users......Page 649 References......Page 650 Introduction......Page 651 The Persistent Goal of Spectrum Management......Page 652 The Promise of Dynamic Spectrum Access......Page 654 The Limitations of Policy......Page 656 The Challenges in Managing DSA......Page 657 The DSA Spectrum Management Alternative......Page 658 The Ten Components......Page 659 Modeling Spectral Consumption and Signal Space......Page 661 Underlay Masks......Page 662 Propagation Models......Page 663 Directional Vectors Used for Power and Propagation Maps......Page 664 Position, Area, and Volume......Page 666 Protocol and Policy......Page 667 Time Models......Page 668 Modeling Transmitter and Receiver Rights......Page 669 Compliance and Computing-Compatible Reuse......Page 670 Underlay Margin Computations......Page 672 Constraining Point Computations......Page 673 Observations and Theorems for Protecting Broadcasts......Page 674 Encoding Spectrum and Underlay Masks for Transmission......Page 675 Encoding Directional Vectors for Transmission......Page 677 Concise Vector Examples......Page 679 Signals......Page 682 Propagation......Page 683 Antennas......Page 684 Operating Regions......Page 685 Broadcaster......Page 686 Applications......Page 688 Dynamic Spectrum Management......Page 689 Secondary Spectrum Markets......Page 690 Future Research and Work......Page 691 References......Page 692 Introduction......Page 694 Modulation......Page 695 Error-Control Codes......Page 696 Performance Measures for a Code-Modulation Library......Page 697 Special Subsets of the Code-Modulation Library......Page 701 Receiver Statistics......Page 703 Overview of the Initial Power Adjustment......Page 704 Description of the Initial Power-Adjustment Protocol......Page 706 Performance Evaluation of the Initial P-ADJ Protocol......Page 708 Performance Results for Systems with Unlimited Power......Page 710 Performance Results for Systems with Limited Power......Page 712 Time Required for Initial Power Adjustment......Page 714 Adaptive Transmission......Page 715 Protocol Throughput Performance for Dynamic Channels......Page 717 Time-Varying Propagation Loss......Page 718 Time-Varying Interference......Page 720 Summary......Page 723 Exercises......Page 724 References......Page 725 Introduction......Page 727 Current CN Research......Page 731 Observe......Page 734 Orient......Page 735 Decide......Page 737 Act......Page 739 Research Holes and Future Directions......Page 740 References......Page 743 Introduction......Page 746 Definitions and Terminology......Page 750 Overview of the IEEE Standards Activities......Page 752 IEEE 802 Cognitive Radio-Related Activities......Page 754 802.22 Reference Architecture......Page 757 Bandwidth Scalability......Page 760 802.22 MAC Layer Overview......Page 761 Incumbent Sensing Measurement and Detection......Page 762 IEEE P1900.1: Terminology and Concepts for NG Radio Systems and Spectrum Management......Page 763 IEEE P1900.2: Recommended Practice for Interference and Coexistence Analysis......Page 764 IEEE P1900.4: Architectural Building Blocks Enabling Network–Device Distributed Decision Making for Optimized Radio Resource Usage......Page 765 Additional Detail on the P1900.4 Standard......Page 766 Dynamic Spectrum Assignment......Page 771 Dynamic Spectrum Access......Page 772 Distributed Radio Resource Usage Optimization......Page 773 Potential for New Products and Systems......Page 775 US Department of Defense......Page 776 References......Page 777 Discussion and Summary of CR Technologies......Page 779 Services Offered to Wireless Networks Through Infrastructure......Page 786 Cellular Infrastructure Support to Cognition......Page 787 Data Radios......Page 788 Cognitive Services Offered through Infrastructure......Page 789 References......Page 791 Glossary......Page 792 Index......Page 803

This book gives a thorough knowledge of cognitive radio concepts, principles, standards, spectrum policy issues and product implementation details. In addition to 16 chapters covering all the basics of cognitive radio, this new edition has eight brand-new chapters covering cognitive radio in multiple antenna systems, policy language and policy engine, spectrum sensing, rendezvous techniques, spectrum consumption models, protocols for adaptation, cognitive networking, and information on the latest standards, making it an indispensable resource for the RF and wireless engineer.

The new edition of this cutting edge reference, which gives a thorough knowledge of principles, implementation details, standards, policy issues in one volume, enables the RF and wireless engineer to master and apply today’s cognitive radio technologies.

Bruce Fette, PhD, is Chief Scientist in the Communications Networking Division of General Dynamics C4 Systems in Scottsdale, AZ. He worked with the Software Defined Radio (SDR) Forum from its inception, currently performing the role of Technical Chair, and is a panelist for the IEEE Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing Industrial Technology Track. He currently heads the General Dynamics Signal Processing Center of Excellence in the Communication Networks Division. Dr. Fette has 36 patents and has been awarded the "Distinguished Innovator Award".

* Foreword and a chapter contribution by Joe Mitola, the creator of the field
* Discussion of cognitive aids to the user, spectrum owner, network operator
* Explanation of capabilities such as time – position awareness, speech and language awareness, multi-objective radio and network optimization, and supporting database infrastructure
* Detailed information on product implementation to aid product developers
* Thorough descriptions of each cognitive radio component technology provided by leaders of their respective fields, and the latest in high performance analysis – implementation techniques
* Explanations of the complex architecture and terminology of the current standards activities
* Discussions of market opportunities created by cognitive radio technology Few developments in the RF/wireless industry have created as much excitement as cognitive radio. The principles of this technology have even created new terms for subfields of this technology including dynamic spectrum access, white space, and spectrum sharing to name a few, and many companies now recognize that this technology will create numerous new business models, all enabled by cognitive radio principles. This book thoroughly covers current knowledge about cognitive radio (CR) concepts, principles, standards, spectrum policy issues, and product implementation details. In addition to 16 chapters that cover all the basics of cognitive radio, this new edition contains eight brand-new chapters covering cognitive radios in multiple antenna systems, policy language, the policy engine, spectrum-sensing and rendezvous techniques, spectrum-consumption models, protocols for adaptation, cognitive networking, and information on the latest standards, thus making it an indispensable resource for radio frequency and wireless engineers