Preface......Page 10 Preface to the First Edition......Page 12 Introduction......Page 14 1.1 Getting Started......Page 18 1.2 Variables and Arithmetic Expressions......Page 21 1.3 The For Statement......Page 26 1.4 Symbolic Constants......Page 27 1.5 Character Input and Output......Page 28 1.6 Arrays......Page 35 1.7 Functions......Page 37 1.8 Arguments - Call by Value......Page 40 1.9 Character Arrays......Page 41 1.10 External Variables and Scope......Page 44 2.1 Variable Names......Page 48 2.2 Data Types and Sizes......Page 49 2.3 Constants......Page 50 2.4 Declarations......Page 53 2.6 Relational and Logical Operators......Page 54 2.7 Type Conversions......Page 55 2.8 Increment and Decrement Operators......Page 59 2.9 Bitwise Operators......Page 61 2.10 Assignment Operators and Expressions......Page 63 2.11 Conditional Expressions......Page 64 2.12 Precedence and Order of Evaluation......Page 65 3.2 If-Else......Page 68 3.3 Else-If......Page 70 3.4 Switch......Page 71 3.5 Loops - While and For......Page 73 3.6 Loops - Do-while......Page 76 3.7 Break and Continue......Page 77 3.8 Goto and Labels......Page 78 4.1 Basics of Functions......Page 80 4.2 Functions Returning Non-integers......Page 84 4.3 External Variables......Page 86 4.4 Scope Rules......Page 93 4.5 Header Files......Page 94 4.7 Register Variables......Page 96 4.8 Block Structure......Page 97 4.9 Initialization......Page 98 4.10 Recursion......Page 99 4.11 The C Preprocessor......Page 101 5.1 Pointers and Addresses......Page 106 5.2 Pointers and Function Arguments......Page 108 5.3 Pointers and Arrays......Page 110 5.4 Address Arithmetic......Page 113 5.5 Character Pointers and Functions......Page 117 5.6 Pointer Arrays; Pointers to Pointers......Page 120 5.7 Multi-dimensional Arrays......Page 123 5.9 Pointers vs. Multi-dimensional Arrays......Page 126 5.10 Command-line Arguments......Page 127 5.11 Pointers to Functions......Page 131 5.12 Complicated Declarations......Page 135 6.1 Basics of Structures......Page 140 6.2 Structures and Functions......Page 142 6.3 Arrays of Structures......Page 145 6.4 Pointers to Structures......Page 149 6.5 Self-referential Structures......Page 152 6.6 Table Lookup......Page 156 6.7 Typedef......Page 159 6.8 Unions......Page 160 6.9 Bit-fields......Page 162 7.1 Standard Input and Output......Page 164 7.2 Formatted Output - Printf......Page 166 7.3 Variable-length Argument Lists......Page 168 7.4 Formatted Input - Scanf......Page 170 7.5 File Access......Page 173 7.6 Error Handling - Stderr and Exit......Page 176 7.7 Line Input and Output......Page 177 7.8 Miscellaneous Functions......Page 179 8.1 File Descriptors......Page 182 8.2 Low Level I/O-Read and Write......Page 183 8.3 Open, Creat, Close, Unlink......Page 185 8.4 Random Access - Lseek......Page 187 8.5 Example - An Implementation of Fopen and Getc......Page 188 8.6 Example - Listing Directories......Page 192 8.7 Example - A Storage Allocator......Page 198 A2 Lexical Conventions......Page 204 A3 Syntax Notation......Page 207 A6 Conversions......Page 210 A7 Expressions......Page 213 A8 Declarations......Page 223 A9 Statements......Page 235 A10 External Declarations......Page 238 All Scope and Linkage......Page 240 A12 Preprocessing......Page 241 A13 Grammar......Page 247 Bl Input and Output: ......Page 254 B2 Character Class Tests: ......Page 261 B3 String Functions: ......Page 262 B4 Mathematical Functions: ......Page 263 B5 Utility Functions: ......Page 264 B6 Diagnostics: ......Page 266 B8 Non-local Jumps: ......Page 267 B10 Date and Time Functions: ......Page 268 B11 Implementation-defined Limits: and ......Page 270 Appendix C. Summary of Changes......Page 272 Index......Page 276
This book is meant to help the reader learn how to program in C. It is the definitive reference guide, now in a second edition. Although the first edition was written in 1978, it continues to be a worldwide best-seller. This second edition brings the classic original up to date to include the ANSI standard.
From the Preface:
We have tried to retain the brevity of the first edition. C is not a big language, and it is not well served by a big book. We have improved the exposition of critical features, such as pointers, that are central to C programming. We have refined the original examples, and have added new examples in several chapters. For instance, the treatment of complicated declarations is augmented by programs that convert declarations into words and vice versa. As before, all examples have been tested directly from the text, which is in machine-readable form.
As we said in the first preface to the first edition, C "wears well as one's experience with it grows." With a decade more experience, we still feel that way. We hope that this book will help you to learn C and use it well.
The original authors of C and the first UNIX system present this concise and powerful guide to ANSI standard C programming. This version, building on Kerninghan and Ritchie's classic The C Programming Language, brings readers up-to-date with the finalized ANSI standard for C while teaching users how to take advantage of noted C features like economy of expression, its full set of operators and more. One reader claimed "Just about every C programmer I respect learned C from this book," while another raved that this book is the "Bible of C." This book is regarded by just about anyone in the C field as the canonical work on the C language and is essential reading for C programmers.
The definitive reference guide to C programming from K&R for writing good code that works and is easy to modify Learn how to program in C from the developers of C, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie. Intended for those with at least some experience with one other language (even if you are a novice), this book contains a tutorial introduction to get new users started as soon as possible and separate chapters on each major feature: Types, operators, and expressions Control flow Functions and program structure Pointers and arrays Structures Input and output This second edition of The C Programming Language describes C as defined by the ANSI standard and includes a reference manual that conveys the essentials of the standard in a smaller space for easy comprehension for programmers.'K&R is one of my favorite books. The style of the tutorial chapters is so deceptively light and simple and the manual so crisp. Much of C's reputation of simplicity comes from the clarity and great little examples from this book. My 1978 copy has lost its cover and my K&R2 is somewhat dog eared. Above all, K&R is a useful book.'Bjarne Stroustrup, designer and original implementer of C++, and author of The C++ Programming Language This updated edition covers ANSI C. The authors present the complete guide to ANSI standard C language programming. Written by the developers of C, this new version helps readers keep up with the finalized ANSI standard for C while showing how to take advantage of C's rich set of operators, economy of expression, improved control flow, and data structures. The 2/E has been completely rewritten with additional examples and problem sets to clarify the implementation of difficult language constructs. For years, C programmers have let K&R guide them to building well-structured and efficient programs. Now this same help is available to those working with ANSI compilers. Includes detailed coverage of the C language plus the official C language reference manual for at-a-glance help with syntax notation, declarations, ANSI changes, scope rules, and the list goes on and on. Introduces the features of the C programming language, discusses data types, variables, operators, control flow, functions, pointers, arrays, and structures, and looks at the UNIX system interface Very well known, classic introduction to the C Programming Language. Both a text for learning, a reference, and, to some, the definition of proper C language features and use.
