Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is concerned with the efficient numerical solution of the partial differential equations that describe fluid dynamics. CFD techniques are commonly used in the many areas of engineering where fluid behavior is an important factor. Traditional fields of application include aerospace and automotive design, and more recently, bioengineering and consumer and medical electronics. With Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition, Rainald Lohner introduces the reader to the techniques required to achieve efficient CFD solvers, forming a bridge between basic theoretical and algorithmic aspects of the finite element method and its use in an industrial context where methods have to be both as simple but also as robust as possible. This heavily revised second edition takes a practice-oriented approach with a strong emphasis on efficiency, and offers important new and updated material on; Overlapping and embedded grid methods Treatment of free surfaces Grid generation Optimal use of supercomputing hardware Optimal shape and process design Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition is a vital resource for engineers, researchers and designers working on CFD, aero and hydrodynamics simulations and bioengineering. Its unique practical approach will also appeal to graduate students of fluid mechanics and aero and hydrodynamics as well as biofluidics Content: Introduction and general considerations. The CFD code Porting research codes to an industrial context Scope of the book -- Data structures and algorithms. Representation of a grid Derived data structures for static data Derived data structures for dynamic data Sorting and searching Proximity in space Nearest neighbours and graphs Distance to surface -- Grid generation. Description of the domain to be gridded Variation of element size and shape Element type Automatic grid generation methods Other grid generation methods The advancing front technique Delaunay triangulation Grid improvement Optimal space-filling tetrahedra Grids with uniform cores Volume-to-surface meshing Navier-Stokes gridding techniques Filling space with points/arbitrary objects Applications -- Approximation theory. The basic problem Choice of trial functions General properties of shape-functions Weighted residual methods with local functions Effort vs. accuracy -- Approximation of operators Classification of methods The Laplace operator Recovery of derivatives Spectral elements -- Temporal approximation Explicit schemes Implicit schemes A word of caution -- Solution of large systems of equations. Direct solvers Iterative solvers Preconditioning Approximate factorization Snakes and linelets Multigrid methods -- Simple Euler/Navier-Stokes solvers. Galerkin approximation Lax-Wendroff (Taylor-Galerkin) Solving for the consistent mass matrix Artificial viscosities Boundary conditions Viscous fluxes Applications -- Flux-corrected transport schemes. The FCT concept Algorithmic implementation Steepening FCT for Taylor-Galerkin schemes Limiting for systems of equations Applications -- Edge-based compressible flow solvers The Laplacian operator First derivatives: first form First derivatives: second form Edge-based schemes for advection-dominated PDE's -- Incompressible flow solvers. The advection operator The divergence operator Artificial compressibility Temporal discretization: projection schemes Temporal discretization: implicit schemes Examples -- Mesh movement. The ALE frame of reference Geometric conservation law Mesh movement algorithms Region of moving elements PDE-based distance functions Penalization of deformed elements Special movement techniques for RANS grids Remeshing concepts Applications -- Interpolation. Basic interpolation algorithm Fastest 1-time algorithm: brute force Fastest N-time algorithm: octree search Fastest known vicinity algorithm: neighbour-to-neighbour Fastest grid to grid algorithm: advancing front vicinity Conservative interpolation Surface-grid to surface-grid interpolation Particle-grid interpolation -- Adaptive mesh refinement Optimal mesh criteria Error indicators/estimators Mesh refinement strategies Mesh movement Mesh enrichment Remeshing Hybrid methods Applications -- Efficient use of supercomputer hardware Reduction of cache-misses Vector machines SIMD machines MIMD machines -- Spacemarching and deactivation Spacemarching Macro-blocking Deactivation -- Overlapping grids. Interpolation criteria External boundaries and domains Examples -- Embedded grid techniques Kinetic treatment of embedded objects Kinematic treatment of embedded surfaces Deactivation of interior regions Extrapolation of the solution Adaptive mesh refinement Load/flux transfer Treatment of gaps or cracks Direct link to particles Examples -- Treatment of free surfaces. Interface fitting methods Examples for interface fitting methods Interface capturing methods Examples for interface capturing methods -- Optimal shape design. The general optimization problem Optimization techniques Adjoint solvers Geometric constraints Approximate gradients Multipoint optimization Representation of surface changes Hierarchical design procedures Topological optimization via porosities Examples.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is concerned with the efficient numerical solution of the partial differential equations that describe fluid dynamics. CFD techniques are commonly used in the many areas of engineering where fluid behavior is an important factor. Traditional fields of application include aerospace and automotive design, and more recently, bioengineering and consumer and medical electronics. With Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition, Rainald Löhner introduces the reader to the techniques required to achieve efficient CFD solvers, forming a bridge between basic theoretical and algorithmic aspects of the finite element method and its use in an industrial context where methods have to be both as simple but also as robust as possible.
This heavily revised second edition takes a practice-oriented approach with a strong emphasis on efficiency, and offers important new and updated material on;
- Overlapping and embedded grid methods
- Treatment of free surfaces
- Grid generation
- Optimal use of supercomputing hardware
- Optimal shape and process design
Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition is a vital resource for engineers, researchers and designers working on CFD, aero and hydrodynamics simulations and bioengineering. Its unique practical approach will also appeal to graduate students of fluid mechanics and aero and hydrodynamics as well as biofluidics.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is concerned with the efficient numerical solution of the partial differential equations that describe fluid dynamics. CFD techniques are commonly used in the many areas of engineering where fluid behavior is an important factor. Traditional fields of application include aerospace and automotive design, and more recently, bioengineering and consumer and medical electronics. With Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition, Rainald Löhner introduces the reader to the techniques required to achieve efficient CFD solvers, forming a bridge between basic theoretical and algorithmic aspects of the finite element method and its use in an industrial context where methods have to be both as simple but also as robust as possible. This heavily revised second edition takes a practice-oriented approach with a strong emphasis on efficiency, and offers important new and updated material on; Overlapping and embedded grid methods Treatment of free surfaces Grid generation Optimal use of supercomputing hardware Optimal shape and process design Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics Techniques, 2nd edition is a vital resource for engineers, researchers and designers working on CFD, aero and hydrodynamics simulations and bioengineering. Its unique practical approach will also appeal to graduate students of fluid mechanics and aero and hydrodynamics as well as biofluidics. Essential reading for practitioners and graduates wishing to develop a complete knowledge of CFD techniques and fluid behaviour, this new edition contains updated material as well as new chapters on overlapping grids, embedded grid techniques, free surfaces and optimal shape design Rainald Löhner. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.
