Analytical Chemistry

Manual for Bachelors students, Kyiv,Publishing Center Nau, 2007. — 199 p. It was expounded the main theoretical notions of Analytical chemistry. Manual includes Laboratory training and practice problems for students’ self-control. Content Introduction The nature of analytical chemistry What information does chemical analysis provide? Analytical techniques Semimicro Techniques Analytical Techniques Analytical Glassware Laboratory glassware cleaning procedures Analytical purity of chemicals Calculating Concentration: Units & Dilutions Qualitative analysis General ideas Qualitative analysis of cations The first group of cations Characteristic reactions of ammonia cations NH 4 + Characteristic reactions of Potassium cations K + Characteristic reactions of Sodium cations Na + The third group of cations Characteristic reactions of Copper cations Cu 2 + Characteristic reactions of Zinc cations Zn 2 + Characteristic reactions of Cobalt cations Co 2 + Characteristic reactions of Nickel cations Ni 2 + The second group of cations Characteristic reactions of Magnesium cations Mg 2+ Characteristic reactions of Calcium cations Ca 2+ Characteristic reactions of Strontium cations Sr 2+ Characteristic reactions of Manganese cations Mn 2+ Characteristic reactions of Ferrous cations Fe 2+ Characteristic reactions of Ferric cations Fe 3+ Characteristic reactions of Aluminium cations Al 3+ The fourth group of cations Characteristic reactions of Silver cations Ag + Characteristic reactions of Lead cations Pb 2+ Qualitative analysis of anions The first group of anions Characteristic reactions of Sulfate anions SO 4 2- Characteristic reactions of Sulfite anions SO 3 2- Characteristic reactions of Carbonate anions CO 3 2- Characteristic reactions of Phosphate anions PO 4 3- Characteristic reactions of Borate anions B 4 O 7 2- (BO 2 - ) Characteristic reactions of Molybdate anions MoO 4 2- Characteristic reactions of Silicate anions SiO 3 2- The second group of anions Characteristic reactions of Chloride anions Cl - Characteristic reactions of Bromide anions Br - Characteristic reactions of Iodide anions I - The third group of anions Characteristic reactions of Nitrite anions NO 2 - Characteristic reactions of Nitrate anions NO 3 - Characteristic reactions of Acetate anions CH 3 COO - Analysis of mixture of cations of I-IV analytical groups Order of fractional and systematic analysis of cations’ mixture of I-IV analytical groups Fractional analysis Systematic analysis Analysis of unknown substance Identifying a Simple Salt by logistics way Odentifying a Simple Salt by step-by-step way Qualitative analysis of insoluble substances and solutions Quantitative analysis Chemical equilibrium in heterogeneous systems Molar solubility and solubility Predicting precipitation reactions The common ion effect and solubility Gravimetry Physical Gravimetry Laboratory work - Physical gravimetry. Determination of water in Hydrated Barium Chloride Precipitative Gravimetry Laboratory work - Precipitate gravimetry. Determination of Sulfates content in water or Barium content in Hydrated Barium Chloride Fundamentals of Titrimetry Classification of volumetric methods Steps in a Titration Neutralization method Laboratory work. Determination of normality of alkali solution Oxidation-reduction (Redox) Titration (Redoxmetry) General Principles of Redoxmetry Quantitative Characteristic of Direction and Completeness of Passing of Oxidation-Reduction Reaction Laboratory work. Determination of Iron (II) content in More’s salt Complexonometry (Chelatometry) Laboratory work. Determination of Total Water Hardness Аppendixes Manual for Bachelors students, Kyiv,Publishing Center Nau, 2007. — 199 p.It was expounded the main theoretical notions of Analytical chemistry. Manual includes Laboratory training and practice problems for students’ self-control. **Content**Introduction__The nature of analytical chemistry__What information does chemical analysis provide?Analytical techniquesSemimicro TechniquesAnalytical TechniquesAnalytical GlasswareLaboratory glassware cleaning proceduresAnalytical purity of chemicalsCalculating Concentration: Units & Dilutions Qualitative analysisGeneral ideasQualitative analysis of cations__The first group of cations__Characteristic reactions of ammonia cations NH4+Characteristic reactions of Potassium cations K+Characteristic reactions of Sodium cations Na+__The third group of cations__Characteristic reactions of Copper cations Cu2+Characteristic reactions of Zinc cations Zn2+Characteristic reactions of Cobalt cations Co2+Characteristic reactions of Nickel cations Ni2+__The second group of cations__Characteristic reactions of Magnesium cations Mg2+Characteristic reactions of Calcium cations Ca2+Characteristic reactions of Strontium cations Sr2+Characteristic reactions of Manganese cations Mn2+Characteristic reactions of Ferrous cations Fe2+Characteristic reactions of Ferric cations Fe3+Characteristic reactions of Aluminium cations Al3+__The fourth group of cations__Characteristic reactions of Silver cations Ag+Characteristic reactions of Lead cations Pb2+Qualitative analysis of anions__The first group of anions__Characteristic reactions of Sulfate anions SO42-Characteristic reactions of Sulfite anions SO32-Characteristic reactions of Carbonate anions CO32-Characteristic reactions of Phosphate anions PO43-Characteristic reactions of Borate anions B4O72- (BO2-)Characteristic reactions of Molybdate anions MoO42-Characteristic reactions of Silicate anions SiO32-The second group of anionsCharacteristic reactions of Chloride anions Cl-Characteristic reactions of Bromide anions Br-Characteristic reactions of Iodide anions I-__The third group of anions__Characteristic reactions of Nitrite anions NO2-Characteristic reactions of Nitrate anions NO3-Characteristic reactions of Acetate anions CH3COO-__Analysis of mixture of cations of I-IV analytical groups__Order of fractional and systematic analysis of cations’ mixture of I-IV analytical groupsFractional analysisSystematic analysisAnalysis of unknown substanceIdentifying a Simple Salt by logistics wayOdentifying a Simple Salt by step-by-step wayQualitative analysis of insoluble substances and solutions __Quantitative analysis__Chemical equilibrium in heterogeneous systemsMolar solubility and solubilityPredicting precipitation reactionsThe common ion effect and solubilityGravimetryPhysical GravimetryLaboratory work - Physical gravimetry. Determination of water in Hydrated Barium ChloridePrecipitative GravimetryLaboratory work - Precipitate gravimetry. Determination of Sulfates content in water or Barium content in Hydrated Barium ChlorideFundamentals of TitrimetryClassification of volumetric methodsSteps in a TitrationNeutralization methodLaboratory work. Determination of normality of alkali solutionOxidation-reduction (Redox) Titration (Redoxmetry)General Principles of RedoxmetryQuantitative Characteristic of Direction and Completeness of Passing of Oxidation-Reduction ReactionLaboratory work. Determination of Iron (II) content in More’s saltComplexonometry (Chelatometry)Laboratory work. Determination of Total Water Hardness Аppendixes